ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2017
Breast tumor DNA methylation patterns associated with smoking in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted Drug Delivery for Breast Cancer using Functionalized Liposomes: Preparation Methods, Challenges, and Clinical Translation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Integrative Analysis of DNA Methylation and microRNA Reveals GNPDA1 and SLC25A16 Related to Biopsychosocial Factors Among Taiwanese Women with a Family History of Breast Cancer.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes for the association with glucose metabolism and invasive breast cancer.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Nursing science as a federally-recognized STEM degree: A call to action for the United States with global implications.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Determinants of Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer: Looking beyond Genetic Alterations.Cancers · 2022Review
- Epigenetics and environment in breast cancer: New paradigms for anti-cancer therapies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Epigenetic signatures in cancer: proper controls, current challenges and the potential for clinical translation.Genome medicine · 2021Review
- Smoking, DNA Methylation, and Breast Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- DNA methylation signatures of breast cancer in peripheral T-cells.BMC cancer · 2018Article
- Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems and Anticancer Drugs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Active smoking and survival following breast cancer among African American and non-African American women in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTobacco smoking is a risk factor in several cancers, yet its roles as a putative etiologic exposure or poor prognostic factor in breast cancer are less clear. Altered DNA methylation contributes to breast cancer development and may provide a mechanistic link between smoking and gene expression changes leading to cancer development or progression.
methodsUsing a cancer-focused array, we examined methylation at 933 CpGs in 517 invasive breast tumors in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study to determine whether methylation patterns differ by exposure to tobacco smoke. Multivariable generalized linear regression models were used to compare tumor methylation profiles between smokers and never smokers, overall, or stratified on hormone receptor (HR) status.
resultsModest differences in CpG methylation were detected at p < 0.05 in breast tumors from current or ever smokers compared with never smokers. In stratified analyses, HR- tumors from smokers exhibited primarily hypomethylation compared with tumors from never smokers; hypomethylation was similarly detected within the more homogeneous basal-like subtype. Most current smoking-associated CpG loci exhibited methylation levels in former smokers that were intermediate between those in current and never smokers and exhibited progressive changes in methylation with increasing duration of smoking. Among former smokers, restoration of methylation toward baseline (never smoking) levels was observed with increasing time since quitting. Moreover, smoking-related hypermethylation was stronger in HR+ breast tumors from blacks than in whites.
conclusionsOur results suggest that breast tumor methylation patterns differ with tobacco smoke exposure; however, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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