SynthesisHarvard review of psychiatry
Pharmacological Treatment of ADHD in Addicted Patients: What Does the Literature Tell Us?
Synthesis in Harvard review of psychiatry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risks and Benefits of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medication on Behavioral and Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of Pharmacoepidemiology Studies Using Linked Prescription Databases.Biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Factors Associated with Reduced Clinical Response in Adult ADHD: The Role of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- The Use of Novel Stimulants in ADHD Self-Medication: A Mixed Methods Analysis.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Treatments and Treatment Predictors in Patients With Substance Use Disorders and Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: First Results From the International Naturalistic Cohort Study of ADHD and SUD (INCAS).The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2024Observational
- Trends in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy Among Adults With Opioid Use Disorder.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Impulsive choice in individuals with comorbid amphetamine use disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Identification and treatment of individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder: An expert consensus statement.World journal of psychiatry · 2023Review
- Psychoactive substance use in patients diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an exploratory study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- The clinical course of comorbid substance use disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: protocol and clinical characteristics of the INCAS study.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Factors associated with 60-day adherence to "safer supply" opioids prescribed under British Columbia's interim clinical guidance for health care providers to support people who use drugs during COVID-19 and the ongoing overdose emergency.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Moderators and Other Predictors of Methylphenidate Response in Children and Adolescents with ADHD.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder/Substance Use Disorder Dual Disorder Patients: A Dual Disorder Unit Point of View.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- Influence of Substance Use Disorder on Treatment Retention of Adult-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder Patients. A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Retention in Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2021Observational
- Are non-abstinent reductions in World Health Organization drinking risk level a valid treatment target for alcohol use disorders in adolescents with ADHD?Addictive behaviors reports · 2020Article
- Dispensation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications in patients receiving opioid agonist therapy; a national prospective cohort study in Norway from 2015 to 2017.BMC psychiatry · 2020Article
- Methylphenidate for Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Adult Patients With Substance Use Disorders: Good Clinical Practice.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- The International Collaboration on ADHD and Substance Abuse (ICASA): Mission, Results, and Future Activities.European addiction research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
LEARNING
objectivesAfter participating in this activity, learners should be better able to:• Evaluate pharmacologic treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) • Assess the causes of the diminished efficacy of ADHD medication in patients with comorbid SUD
objectiveSubstance use disorder (SUD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur, and the presence of ADHD complicates the treatment of the addiction. Pharmacotherapy is a potent intervention in childhood and adult ADHD, but findings have been mixed in adolescent and adult ADHD patients with SUDs. This review focuses on several contributing factors and possible explanations, with implications both for future research and for clinical practice.
methodThis systematic review examined all randomized, placebo-controlled trials of pharmacotherapy for ADHD in adult and adolescent SUD patients.
resultsThe number of studies is limited, and several studies are hampered by qualitative flaws. The results, in general, are inconclusive for most medications studied, but more recent trials using psychostimulants in robust dosing have demonstrated significantly positive results.
conclusionIn reviewing these trials, possible explanations relating to the particular characteristics and problems of this complex patient group are discussed. Several factors, including ADHD symptom severity, psychiatric comorbidity, persistent drug use, choice of medication, and concomitant psychosocial intervention, influence study results. Taking these factors into account may improve the likelihood of detecting significant effects in future research, as the recent positive trials have indicated, and may help in the appropriate selection of pharmacotherapy in clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.