ReviewProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2017
Single domain antibodies for the knockdown of cytosolic and nuclear proteins.
Review in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- mRNA-Encoded Antibodies: An Emerging Paradigm in Antiviral Protection.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Spotlight on G-Quadruplexes: From Structure and Modulation to Physiological and Pathological Roles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- DNA G-Quadruplex Recognition In Vitro and in Live Cells by a Structure-Specific Nanobody.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Intrabodies for Cancer Immunotherapy: Current Status and Future Directions.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Small Virus to Deliver Small Antibodies: New Targeted Therapies Based on AAV Delivery of Nanobodies.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- From Polyclonal Sera to Recombinant Antibodies: A Review of Immunological Detection of Gluten in Foodstuff.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Nanobodies Right in the Middle: Intrabodies as Toolbox to Visualize and Modulate Antigens in the Living Cell.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Exploring cellular biochemistry with nanobodies.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Review
- Applying Antibodies Inside Cells: Principles and Recent Advances in Neurobiology, Virology and Oncology.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2020Review
- Intracellular Neutralization of Ricin Toxin by Single-domain Antibodies Targeting the Active Site.Journal of molecular biology · 2020Article
- Antibody Structure and Function: The Basis for Engineering Therapeutics.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Hosts for Hostile Protein Production: The Challenge of Recombinant Immunotoxin Expression.Biomedicines · 2019Review
- Single-Domain Antibodies Represent Novel Alternatives to Monoclonal Antibodies as Targeting Agents against the Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Using Nanobodies to Study Protein Function in Developing Organisms.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Characterization of Novel Fragment Antibodies Against TNF-alpha Isolated Using Phage Display Technique.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2019Article
- ER intrabody-mediated inhibition of interferon α secretion by mouse macrophages and dendritic cells.PloS one · 2019Article
- Generation, expression and utilization of single-domain antibodies for in vivo protein localization and manipulation in sea urchin embryos.Methods in cell biology · 2019Review
- DARPins recognizing mTFP1 as novel reagents forBiology open · 2018Article
- Noninvasive PET Imaging of T cells.Trends in cancer · 2018Review
- Proteinaceous Regulators and Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Single domain antibodies (sdAbs) from camels or sharks comprise only the variable heavy chain domain. Human sdAbs comprise the variable domain of the heavy chain (VH) or light chain (VL) and can be selected from human antibodies. SdAbs are stable, nonaggregating molecules in vitro and in vivo compared to complete antibodies and scFv fragments. They are excellent novel inhibitors of cytosolic/nuclear proteins because they are correctly folded inside the cytosol in contrast to scFv fragments. SdAbs are unique because of their excellent specificity and possibility to target posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation sites, conformers or interaction regions of proteins that cannot be targeted with genetic knockout techniques and are impossible to knockdown with RNAi. The number of inhibiting cytosolic/nuclear sdAbs is increasing and usage of synthetic single pot single domain antibody libraries will boost the generation of these fascinating molecules without the need of immunization. The most frequently selected antigenic epitopes belong to viral and oncogenic proteins, followed by toxins, proteins of the nervous system as well as plant- and drosophila proteins. It is now possible to select functional sdAbs against virtually every cytosolic/nuclear protein and desired epitope. The development of new endosomal escape protein domains and cell-penetrating peptides for efficient transfection broaden the application of inhibiting sdAbs. Last but not least, the generation of relatively new cell-specific nanoparticles such as polymersomes and polyplexes carrying cytosolic/nuclear sdAb-DNA or -protein will pave the way to apply cytosolic/nuclear sdAbs for inhibition of viral infection and cancer in the clinic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.