Trial reportTrials2017
Rituximab versus azathioprine as therapy for maintenance of remission for anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (RITAZAREM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Trials, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01697267 (An International, Open Label, Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Rituximab With Azathioprine as Maintenance Therapy in Relapsing ANCA-associated Vasculitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An International, Open Label, Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Rituximab With Azathioprine as Maintenance Therapy in Relapsing ANCA-associated Vasculitis
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Relapse in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Among Patients With Relapse After Induction of Remission With Rituximab.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Trial
- Rituximab versus azathioprine for maintenance of remission for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and relapsing disease: an international randomised controlled trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Clinical Utility of Serial Measurements of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies Targeting Proteinase 3 in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Article
- Diagnosis and latest treatment strategies of ANCA‑associated glomerulonephritis (Review).Biomedical reports · 2025Review
- How We Treat ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: A Focus on the Maintenance Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- An update on risk factors for relapse in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- Application of biological agents in the treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: A Systematic Review.Biology · 2022Review
- A Meta-Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Maintenance Therapies for Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Small-Vessel Vasculitis.Kidney international reports · 2022Article
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach in ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis: A Review on Management Strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Off-Label Uses of Rituximab in Dermatology.Current dermatology reports · 2022Review
- Rituximab Induction and Maintenance in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- PR3-ANCAs predict relapses in ANCA-associated vasculitis patients after rituximab.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2021Article
- Novel Therapies for ANCA-associated Vasculitis.Current rheumatology reports · 2021Review
- Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis and Microscopic Polyangiitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Benefits and Harms of Common Treatments.ACR open rheumatology · 2021Article
- Rituximab 500 mg 6-monthly infusions is an option in maintenance therapy of ANCA-associated vasculitis.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2021Article
- Cancer risks along the disease trajectory in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Review
- Rituximab as therapy to induce remission after relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRituximab is effective as therapy for induction of remission in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). However, the effect of rituximab is not sustained, and subsequent relapse rates are high, especially in patients with a history of relapse. There is a need to identify whether maintenance therapy with rituximab is superior to the current standard of azathioprine or methotrexate for prevention of relapse following induction with rituximab. METHODS/
designRITAZAREM is an international, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial designed to demonstrate the superiority of repeated doses of intravenous rituximab compared to daily orally administered azathioprine as a relapse prevention strategy in patients with AAV with relapsing disease who undergo induction of remission with rituximab. Patients with AAV will be recruited at the time of relapse and will receive rituximab and glucocorticoid induction therapy. If the disease is controlled by 4 months, patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive rituximab (1000 mg every 4 months for five doses) or azathioprine (2 mg/kg/day) as maintenance therapy. Patients will be followed for a minimum of 36 months. The primary outcome is the time to disease relapse. It is estimated that 190 patients will need to be recruited to ensure that at least 160 are randomized. DISCUSSION: The RITAZAREM trial will provide the largest trial dataset for the use of rituximab as remission-induction therapy for patients with AAV comparing two remission-maintenance strategies following induction with rituximab, and explore whether prolonged B-cell depletion leads to sustained treatment-free remissions after discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01697267 . Registered on 31 August 2012.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.