ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Formation and size distribution of self-assembled vesicles.
Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Treatment of Cartilage Damage Using Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review ofFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- Divergent self-assembly dynamics of squalene-derived bolaamphiphiles enabled by ethylene glycol-length-switchable Ostwald ripening.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Phosphatidylcholine-Polysorbate 20-Based Mixed Micelles: A New Option to Prevent Protein Aggregation?Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Microneedle loaded with luteolin-colostrum-derived exosomes: a dropless approach for treatment of glaucoma.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Toward Thermally Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Vesicles Fabricated by Block Copolymer Blends for Nanocarriers.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Tuning the Structure of Poly(aspartic acid)s' Self-Assemblies to Enhance Cellular Uptake.Polymers · 2025Article
- Engineering multifunctional surface topography to regulate multiple biological responses.Biomaterials · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Comparison of Methods for Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Plasma.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Inhibiting Lipopolysaccharide Biogenesis: The More You Know the Further You Go.Annual review of biochemistry · 2025Review
- Destruction of virus particles via mechanical and chemical virucidal activity of nanocolumnar copper thin films.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Deformation, Rupture, and Morphology Hysteresis of Copolymer Nanovesicles in Uniform Shear Flow.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Article
- Human neural stem cell-derived artificial organelles to improve oxidative phosphorylation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Endometriotic Tissue-derived Exosomes Downregulate NKG2D-mediated Cytotoxicity and Promote Apoptosis: Mechanisms for Survival of Ectopic Endometrial Tissue in Endometriosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Mechanical property estimation of sarcoma-relevant extracellular vesicles using transmission electron microscopy.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Article
- Potential in exosome-based targeted nano-drugs and delivery vehicles for posterior ocular disease treatment: from barriers to therapeutic application.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Article
- Membrane Vesicles of Clostridioides difficile and Other Clostridial Species.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Endometrial Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Extracellular vesicles are dynamic regulators of maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
When detergents and phospholipid membranes are dispersed in aqueous solutions, they tend to self-assemble into vesicles of various shapes and sizes by virtue of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments. A clearer understanding of such vesiculation processes holds promise for better elucidation of human physiology and disease, and paves the way to improved diagnostics, drug development, and drug delivery. Here we present a detailed analysis of the energetics and thermodynamics of vesiculation by recourse to nonlinear elasticity, taking into account large deformation that may arise during the vesiculation process. The effects of membrane size, spontaneous curvature, and membrane stiffness on vesiculation and vesicle size distribution were investigated, and the critical size for vesicle formation was determined and found to compare favorably with available experimental evidence. Our analysis also showed that the critical membrane size for spontaneous vesiculation was correlated with membrane thickness, and further illustrated how the combined effects of membrane thickness and physical properties influenced the size, shape, and distribution of vesicles. These findings shed light on the formation of physiological extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes. The findings also suggest pathways for manipulating the size, shape, distribution, and physical properties of synthetic vesicles, with potential applications in vesicle physiology, the pathobiology of cancer and other diseases, diagnostics using in vivo liquid biopsy, and drug delivery methods.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.