Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28259138›Full record

ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2017

Comparative analyses of glycerotoxin expression unveil a novel structural organization of the bloodworm venom system.

Sandy Richter, Conrad Helm, Frederic A Meunier, Lars Hering, Lahcen I Campbell, Stephan H Drukewitz, Eivind A B Undheim, Ronald A Jenner, Giampietro Schiavo, Christoph Bleidorn

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.

Sandy RichterInstitute of Biology - Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany. sr.sandyrichter@gmail.com.
Conrad HelmSars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, N-5008, Bergen, Norway.
Frederic A MeunierClem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia.
Lars HeringInstitute of Biology - Department of Zoology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany.
Lahcen I CampbellDepartment of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
Stephan H DrukewitzInstitute of Biology - Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Eivind A B UndheimCentre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia.
Ronald A JennerDepartment of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
Giampietro SchiavoSobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
Christoph BleidornInstitute of Biology - Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany. christoph.bleidorn@gmail.com.
Leipzig University · DENatural History Museum · GBMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales · ESPark Centre for Mental Health · AUUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Bergen · NOUniversity of Kassel · DEUniversity of Queensland · AU

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/K003488/1Cancer Research UK LF4605Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 107116/Z/15/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe present the first molecular characterization of glycerotoxin (GLTx), a potent neurotoxin found in the venom of the bloodworm Glycera tridactyla (Glyceridae, Annelida). Within the animal kingdom, GLTx shows a unique mode of action as it can specifically up-regulate the activity of Ca

resultsOur analyses reveal three ~3.8 kb GLTx full-length transcripts, show that GLTx represents a multigene family, and suggest it functions as a dimer. An integrative approach using transcriptomics, quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemistry shows that GLTx is highly expressed exclusively in four pharyngeal lobes, a previously unrecognized part of the venom apparatus.

conclusionsOur results overturn a century old textbook view on the glycerid venom system, suggesting that it is anatomically and functionally much more complex than previously thought. The herein presented GLTx sequence information constitutes an important step towards the establishment of GLTx as a versatile tool to understand the mechanism of synaptic function, as well as the mode of action of this novel neurotoxin.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsAnnelidaHelminth ProteinsMultigene FamilyNeurotoxinsVenomsglycerotoxinHelminth ProteinsNeurotoxinsVenomsAnnelidaCalcium channelGLTxGlyceridaeNeurotoxinVenom system

Identifiers

PMID28259138
PMCPMC5336659
OpenAlexW2591851682

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.