SynthesisEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2017
Comparative efficacy and safety of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapies, including guanfacine extended release: a mixed treatment comparison.
Synthesis in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Different light-activation systems associated with dental bleaching: a systematic review and a network meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a network meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and tolerability of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- A Retrospective Study Examining Predictors of Treatment Response in Over 1,300 Children and Adolescents with Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Prescribing medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a retrospective analysis of a Japanese health insurance claims database.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Long-term effects of cognitive behavioural therapy on the quality of life in adult ADHD.PloS one · 2026Article
- Revisiting the Role of Serotonin in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: New Insights from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Clinical drug investigation · 2025Review
- Targeted Treatments for Fragile X Syndrome.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Article
- Neuroprotection in late life attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review of pharmacotherapy and phenotype across the lifespan.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
- Does Methylphenidate Work in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?Pediatric reports · 2021Article
- Multimodal Interventions Are More Effective in Improving Core Symptoms in Children With ADHD.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Drug Treatment of Epilepsy Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities in Children.Paediatric drugs · 2021Review
- Safety of 80 antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti-attention-deficit/hyperactivity medications and mood stabilizers in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders: a large scale systematic meta-review of 78 adverse effects.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2020Article
- Treatment strategies for ADHD: an evidence-based guide to select optimal treatment.Molecular psychiatry · 2019Review
- Review
- The pharmacology of amphetamine and methylphenidate: Relevance to the neurobiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and other psychiatric comorbidities.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018Review
- The Challenge of Pharmacotherapy in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy-ADHD Comorbidity.Clinical drug investigation · 2018Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents 6-17 years of age. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacologic monotherapies among children and adolescents with ADHD. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to compare change in symptoms using the ADHD Rating Scale Version IV (ADHD-RS-IV), Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) response, all-cause discontinuation, and adverse event-related discontinuation. Thirty-six RCTs were included in the analysis. The mean (95% credible interval [CrI]) ADHD-RS-IV total score change from baseline (active minus placebo) was -14.98 (-17.14, -12.80) for lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX), -9.33 (-11.63, -7.04) for methylphenidate (MPH) extended release, -8.68 (-10.63, -6.72) for guanfacine extended release (GXR), and -6.88 (-8.22, -5.49) for atomoxetine (ATX); data were unavailable for MPH immediate release. The relative risk (95% CrI) for CGI-I response (active versus placebo) was 2.56 (2.21, 2.91) for LDX, 2.13 (1.70, 2.54) for MPH extended release, 1.94 (1.59, 2.29) for GXR, 1.77 (1.31, 2.26) for ATX, and 1.62 (1.05, 2.17) for MPH immediate release. Among non-stimulant pharmacotherapies, GXR was more effective than ATX when comparing ADHD-RS-IV total score change (with a posterior probability of 93.91%) and CGI-I response (posterior probability 76.13%). This study found that LDX had greater efficacy than GXR, ATX, and MPH in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. GXR had a high posterior probability of being more efficacious than ATX, although their CrIs overlapped.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.