ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2017
Multifactorial discrimination as a fundamental cause of mental health inequities.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Intersectionality in quantitative health disparities research: A systematic review of challenges and limitations in empirical studies.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Pooled it
- Stigma Diminishes the Protective Effect of Social Support on Psychological Distress Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2018Trial
- Beyond income: financial hardship as a pathway from socioeconomic disadvantage to depression among middle and older cancer survivors.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Aging, Mental Health and Ethnic Disparities: Understanding Geriatric Mental Health in Western Nepal.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Article
- Adaptation and Validation of the LGBTQIA+ Minority Stress Measure in Spanish Adults.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- The Intersectional Influence of Experienced Stigma on Clinically Significant Depressive Symptoms Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men.Journal of homosexuality · 2026Article
- How do anxiety and depression trajectories vary among Black, Latinx, and Afro-Latinx sexual minority young men? Uncovering variation in development with intersectional subgroups.Developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Associations of perceived discrimination with health outcomes and health disparities in the All of Us cohort.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- Multiple forms of discrimination and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a prospective cohort study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Voices from the Rainbow: Exploring Participants' Experiences in an Online LGBTIQ+-Affirmative Psychoeducation Program.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Extending Fundamental Cause Theory to Holistic Health.Sociology of health & illness · 2025Article
- The association between perceived COVID-19-related discrimination and probable depression among pregnant women in the post-pandemic era: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Associations of perceived discrimination with health outcomes and health disparities in themedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Intersectional discrimination and mental health inequalities: a qualitative study of young women's experiences in Scotland.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Perceived discrimination in health care in Germany- results of a population survey.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- A scoping review of research on potential impact of implicit bias in healthcare settings for children with acquired brain injuries.Rehabilitation psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- The role of social determinants of health in mental health: An examination of the moderating effects of race, ethnicity, and gender on depression through the all of us research program dataset.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
- Leaving no one behind: successful ageing at the intersection of ageism and ableism.Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM · 2023Article
- Everyday Discrimination and HIV Testing Among Partnered Latino/x Sexual Minority Men in the United States: A Stratified Analysis by Birth Location.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe theory of fundamental causes explains why health disparities persist over time, even as risk factors, mechanisms, and diseases change. Using an intersectional framework, we evaluated multifactorial discrimination as a fundamental cause of mental health disparities.
methodsUsing baseline data from the Project STRIDE: Stress, Identity, and Mental Health study, we examined the health effects of discrimination among individuals who self-identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. We used logistic and linear regression to assess whether multifactorial discrimination met the four criteria designating a fundamental cause, namely that the cause: 1) influences multiple health outcomes, 2) affects multiple risk factors, 3) involves access to resources that can be leveraged to reduce consequences of disease, and 4) reproduces itself in varied contexts through changing mechanisms.
resultsMultifactorial discrimination predicted high depression scores, psychological well-being, and substance use disorder diagnosis. Discrimination was positively associated with risk factors for high depression scores: chronic strain and total number of stressful life events. Discrimination was associated with significantly lower levels of mastery and self-esteem, protective factors for depressive symptomatology. Even after controlling for risk factors, discrimination remained a significant predictor for high depression scores. Among subjects with low depression scores, multifactorial discrimination also predicted anxiety and aggregate mental health scores.
conclusionsMultifactorial discrimination should be considered a fundamental cause of mental health inequities and may be an important cause of broad health disparities among populations with intersecting social identities.
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