ArticleModern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc2017
Clinical and pathological evolution of giant cell arteritis: a prospective study of follow-up temporal artery biopsies in 40 treated patients.
Article in Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 197 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu Arteritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu Arteritis.Arthritis care & research · 2021Guideline
- F-18 FDG PET for assessment of disease activity of large vessel vasculitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Glucocorticoid Dosages and Acute-Phase Reactant Levels at Giant Cell Arteritis Flare in a Randomized Trial of Tocilizumab.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2019Trial
- Large vessel vasculitis reframed: integrating conceptual shifts and evidence into practice for Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Review
- Challenges and Future Trends in Large Vessel Vasculitis.Circulation · 2026Review
- Cranial and Systemic Manifestations of Giant Cell Arteritis: Two Sides of the Same Coin.Cureus · 2026Article
- Correlation of vascular enhancement on MRI and clinical manifestations in patients with GCA.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Stem-like T cells: molecular regulation, functional diversity, and therapeutic implications across diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- The Role of FDG-PET in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Large-Vessel Vasculitis.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- The Role of Imaging in Monitoring Large Vessel Vasculitis: A Comprehensive Review.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- A Case of Giant Cell Arteritis Presenting With a Hyperechoic Wall Thickening on Temporal Artery Ultrasonography.Cureus · 2025Article
- Uncovering the New Biology of Giant Cell Arteritis to Guide Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Dynamic macrophage phenotypes in autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Distinct landscapes of fibroblast subtypes in arteries of patients with giant cell arteritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Repeated Cranial and Large-Vessel Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scans and the Association With Structural Aortic Disease in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Five-Year Observational Study.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Use ofACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Does tocilizumab eliminate inflammation in GCA? A cohort study on repeated temporal artery biopsies.RMD open · 2024Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although clinical signs and symptoms of giant cell arteritis improve promptly after starting glucocorticoid therapy, reports have suggested that the vascular inflammation may persist. To assess the duration and quality of histopathologic changes in treated patients, we prospectively obtained second temporal artery biopsies in patients treated for 3 to 12 months after their first diagnostic biopsy. Forty patients (28 women, 12 men, median age 77 years) agreed to have a second temporal artery biopsy randomly assigned to 3, 6, 9, or 12 months subsequent to the first. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of the patient cohort revealed a typical rapid response and continued suppression of clinical manifestations as a result of glucocorticoid treatment. Histopathologic findings, evaluated in a blinded manner by a cardiovascular pathologist, showed unequivocal findings of vasculitis in 7/10 patients with second temporal artery biopsy at 3 months, 9/12 at 6 months, 4/9 at 9 months, and 4/9 at 12 months. Lymphocytes were present in all positive initial biopsies and remained the dominant cell population in chronically treated patients. Granulomatous inflammation decreased in a time-dependent manner from 78 to 100% at initial biopsy to 50% at 9 months and 25% at 12 months. The increased medial fibrosis noted in the second biopsies (60 vs 33% in primary temporal artery biopsies) suggested that the finding may represent a chronic finding in arteritis. In summary, the response to glucocorticoids in giant cell arteritis was frequently discordant. Clinical manifestations were readily suppressed, but vascular changes were gradual and often incomplete.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.