ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2017
Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in 163 Neutered Female Dogs: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Relationship of Weight and Age at Neuter to Development of Disease.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Prospective Study Investigating the Health Outcomes of Bitches Neutered Prepubertally or Post-Pubertally.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Short-term Effects of Surgical Sterilization on Urinary PH and Specific Gravity, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Serum Creatinine, and Urinary Protein to Creatinine Ratio in Sexually Intact Male and Female Dogs.Archives of Razi Institute · 2024Article
- An international survey on canine urinary incontinence: case frequency, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Effect of neutering timing in relation to puberty on health in the female dog-a scoping review.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- The use of autologous skeletal muscle progenitor cells for adjunctive treatment of presumptive urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
- Male Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: An Underrepresented Endpoint in Toxicology Research.Toxics · 2022Review
- Prevalence of Reproductive Disorders including Mammary Tumors and Associated Mortality in Female Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2021Article
- Retrospective analysis of diagnoses and outcomes of 45 cats with micturition disorders presenting as urinary incontinence.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2020Article
- Desexing Dogs: A Review of the Current Literature.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Review
- Associations between neutering and early-onset urinary incontinence in UK bitches under primary veterinary care.The Journal of small animal practice · 2019Article
- Spaying and urinary incontinence in bitches under UK primary veterinary care: a case-control study.The Journal of small animal practice · 2019Article
- Preserved limb function following subtotal iliopsoas muscle and femoral nerve resection in a dog with low grade intramuscular chondrosarcoma.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2019Article
- Article
- ACVIM consensus statement on diagnosis and management of urinary incontinence in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
- The relationship between urethral sphincter mechanism incompetency and lower back pain: Positing a novel treatment for urinary incontinence in dogs.Open veterinary journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUrethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in neutered bitches and is most common in dogs weighing >20 kg.
objectivesTo describe a population of neutered bitches with USMI and investigate their initial presentation, the relationship between weight and age at neuter, and treatment. ANIMALS: One hundred and sixty-three female dogs with USMI (UI) diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2012, and 193 continent neutered control (C) bitches.
methodsRetrospective data were collected from neutered female dogs with USMI and healthy, continent neutered females presented between January 2009 and December 2012.
resultsUrinary incontinent dogs weighed more than C dogs (P = .003), and there was no difference in age at neuter. The relationship between weight at diagnosis and age at neuter was found to impact the hazard of USMI. A decrease in the hazard of USMI was found in dogs weighing >25 kg for every month delay of neuter in the first year. The hazard did not change for dogs <15 kg. Median time from neuter to development of incontinence was 3.73 years. Phenylpropanolamine was prescribed in 75.5%, diethylstilbestrol in 21.5%, and both in 3.1% of dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Neutering bitches expected to be >25 kg adult weight later in their first year may decrease the hazard of developing USMI, whereas age at neutering of bitches <25 kg may not impact continence. Heavier dogs have increased risk of USMI, and onset occurs within a few years of neuter.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.