ArticlePloS one2017
Salivary inflammatory markers and microbiome in normoglycemic lean and obese children compared to obese children with type 2 diabetes.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age-Related Differences in Oral Microbiota Among Obese Patients with Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Biomarkers for differentiating diabetic periodontitis from chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Advances in the study of oral microbiota in association with T2DM: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Timing of food intake impacts daily rhythms of human salivary microbiota: a randomized, crossover study.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2018Trial
- Salivary Apelin and Asprosin Levels in Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus and Their Relationship with Clinical Periodontal Parameters.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- C-Reactive Protein in Saliva as a Non-Invasive Marker of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Distinct oral and fecal microbiota composition in preschool children with overweight/obesity: a cross-sectional study.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Oral microbiome classification of elevated salivary glucose in a large adolescent Kuwaiti population.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Prediction of postoperative infection through early-stage salivary microbiota following kidney transplantation using machine learning techniques.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Dysbiotic Microbiome-Metabolome Axis in Childhood Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of dental research · 2025Article
- ORMCKB: A Knowledge Database for Personalized Medicine in Deciphering the Oral Microbiome-Disease Axis.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2025Article
- Salivary proteomics and metaproteomics identifies distinct molecular and taxonomic signatures of type-2 diabetes.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Microbial and proteomic signatures of type 2 diabetes in an Arab population.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- A REVIEW OF SALIVARY BIOMARKERS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE.Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine · 2024Article
- Oral Microbiome: A Review of Its Impact on Oral and Systemic Health.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Genome-wide association study identifies host genetic variants influencing oral microbiota diversity and metabolic health.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The impact of metabolic disorders on management of periodontal health in children.Pediatric discovery · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Enrichment of Acid-Associated Microbiota in the Saliva of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Adults: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is emerging evidence linking diabetes with periodontal disease. Diabetes is a well-recognized risk factor for periodontal disease. Conversely, pro-inflammatory molecules released by periodontally-diseased tissues may enter the circulation to induce insulin resistance. While this association has been demonstrated in adults, there is little information regarding periodontal status in obese children with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that children with T2D have higher rates of gingivitis, elevated salivary inflammatory markers, and an altered salivary microbiome compared to children without T2D.
methodsThree pediatric cohorts ages 10-19 years were studied: lean (normal weight-C), obese (Ob), and obese with T2D (T2D). Each subject completed an oral health survey, received a clinical oral examination, and provided unstimulated saliva for measurement of inflammatory markers and microbiome analysis.
resultsThe diabetes group was less likely to have had a dental visit within the last six months. Body mass index (BMI) Z-scores and waist circumference/height ratios were similar between Ob and T2D cohorts. The number of carious lesions and fillings were similar for all three groups. The gingival index was greater in the T2D group compared to the Ob and C groups. Although salivary microbial diversity was minimal between groups, a few differences in bacterial genus composition were noted.
conclusionsObese children with T2D show a trend toward poorer oral health compared to normal weight and obese children without T2D. This study characterizes the salivary microbiome of children with and without obesity and T2D. This study supports a modest link between T2D and periodontal inflammation in the pediatric population.
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