ArticleOncology research2017
Procaine Inhibits Proliferation and Migration and Promotes Cell Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Upregulation of MicroRNA-133b.
Article in Oncology research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of procaine-based triazole-isoxazoline hybrids as selective PI3K/mTOR inhibitors for esophageal cancer therapy:RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Local anesthetics and immunotherapy: a novel combination to fight cancer.Seminars in immunopathology · 2023Review
- Functional role of MicroRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in osteosarcoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Article
- Molecular mechanism of microRNAs regulating apoptosis in osteosarcoma.Molecular biology reports · 2022Review
- Navigating the genomic instability mine field of osteosarcoma to better understand implications of non-coding RNAs.Biocell : official journal of the Sociedades Latinoamericanas de Microscopia Electronica ... et. al · 2022Article
- Impact of local anesthetics on epigenetics in cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- cRGDyK-modified procaine liposome inhibits the proliferation and motility of glioma cells via the ERK/p38MAPK pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Lidocaine has antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma via the circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis.Open life sciences · 2021Article
- Procaine-The Controversial Geroprotector Candidate: New Insights Regarding Its Molecular and Cellular Effects.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Review
- Direct Cytotoxic and Indirect, Immune-Mediated Effects of Local Anesthetics Against Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Efficacy of procaine combined with ketamine and propofol in pediatric epidural anesthesia.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- MiR-141-3p overexpression suppresses the malignancy of osteosarcoma by targeting FUS to degrade LDHB.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- Effects of Anesthesia on Postoperative Recurrence and Metastasis of Malignant Tumors.Cancer management and research · 2020Review
- miRNA signatures in childhood sarcomas and their clinical implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2019Review
- NAIF1 suppresses osteosarcoma progression and is regulated by miR-128.Cell biochemistry and function · 2018Article
- miR‑133b‑5p contributes to hypoxic preconditioning‑mediated cardioprotection by inhibiting the activation of caspase‑8 and caspase-3 in cardiomyocytes.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Procaine (PCA) is a conventional chemotherapeutic agent for osteosarcoma. Recent studies have proposed that the growth-inhibitory effect of PCA is through regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). miR-133b has been proven to be a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma, but whether it is involved in the antitumor effects of PCA on osteosarcoma has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of PCA on osteosarcoma MG63 cells by regulation of miR-133b, as well as its underlying mechanisms. MG63 cells were treated with different concentrations of PCA, and cell viability, apoptosis, and miR-133b expression were then detected by MTT, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Cells were then transfected with the miR-133b inhibitor and treated with 2 μM PCA. Thereafter, cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were detected. Analysis of signaling pathways was detected by Western blot. Our results showed that PCA significantly inhibited cell viability and promoted apoptosis and the expression level of miR-133b in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, we observed that PCA + miR-133b inhibitor dramatically reversed the effects of PCA on cell viability, apoptosis, and migration (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In addition, PCA significantly decreased the levels of p/t-AKT (p308 or p473), p/t-ERK, and p/t-S6, whereas PCA + miR-133b inhibitor rescued these effects. Our results suggest that PCA inhibits proliferation and migration but promotes apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells by upregulation of miR-133b. These effects may be achieved by inactivation of the AKT/ERK pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.