ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2018
Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hypertension in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Coffee Intake and Risk of Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Pooled it
- Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.BMC neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.European journal of nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.Journal of human hypertension · 2018Pooled it
- Association between coffee and caffeine consumption and chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Xenobiotic Caffeine on Cardiovascular Health: Promises and Challenges.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Secondhand smoking increased the possibility of hypertension with a significant time and frequency dose-response relationship.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Unraveling tea and coffee consumption effects on cardiovascular diseases risk factors: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Dietary factors and hypertension: A Mendelian randomization analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary caffeine intake is associated with favorable metabolic profile among apparently healthy overweight and obese individuals.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Coffee intake and hypertension in Korean adults: results from KNHANES 2012-2016.Clinical hypertension · 2023Article
- The effect of coffee and black tea consumption on sleep bruxism intensity based on polysomnographic examination.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Consumption frequencies of beverages and the hypertension risk in adults: a cohort study in China.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Effect of Caffeine Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Review.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2023Review
- Coffee and Green Tea Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among People With and Without Hypertension.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Consumption of coffee and tea with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Association between Tea Consumption and Hypertension Risk among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Sex differences in the association between green tea consumption and hypertension in elderly Chinese adults.BMC geriatrics · 2021Article
- Associations of tea consumption with blood pressure progression and hypertension incidence.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe relationship between coffee and tea, and risk of hypertension remains controversial in Western populations. We investigated these associations in an Asian population.
methodsThe Singapore Chinese Health Study is a population-based prospective cohort that recruited 63,257 Chinese aged 45-74 years and residing in Singapore from 1993 to 1998. Information on consumption of coffee, tea, and other lifestyle factors was collected at baseline, and self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension was assessed during two follow-up interviews (1999-2004, 2006-2010).
resultsWe identified 13,658 cases of incident hypertension after average 9.5 years. Compared to those who drank one cup of coffee/day, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.87 (0.83-0.91) for <weekly drinkers and 0.93 (0.86-1.00) for ≥3 cups/day drinkers. Compared to <weekly drinkers, daily drinkers of black or green tea had slight increase in risk, but these risk estimates were attenuated and became non-significant after adjustment for caffeine. After adjusting for coffee, there was a stepwise dose-response relationship between caffeine intake and hypertension risk; compared to the lowest intake (<50 mg/day), those in the highest intake (≥300 mg/day) had a 16% increase in risk; HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.04-1.31 (p trend = 0.02).
conclusionsDrinking coffee <1 cup/week or ≥3 cups/day had lower risk than drinking one cup/day. Caffeine may account for increased risk in daily tea drinkers and in those who drank one cup of coffee/day. The inverse U-shaped association with coffee suggests that at higher doses, other ingredients in coffee may offset the effect of caffeine and confer benefit on blood pressure.
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