ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2017
Antigen Density Dictates Immune Responsiveness following Red Blood Cell Transfusion.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determining the Binding Affinity in Monoclonal Antibody-Alloantigen Interactions.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Mouse Model of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Suppression of RBC alloimmunization and regulation of CD4Transfusion · 2026Article
- The Immunology of Transfusion Medicine: Past, Present, and Future.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Analysis of Biotinylated Red Blood Cells Following Transfusion.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Examination of Antigen-Specific B Cell Responses to Red Blood Cell Transfusion.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Acute Incompatible Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Mice.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Flow Cytometric Examination of Galectin Binding to Red Blood Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Defining the Specificity of Blood-Group-Binding Lectins Through Microarray Analysis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Use of Microbial Microarrays to Define Antibody Specificity.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- IgG2b enhances alloantibodies to stored red blood cells.Transfusion · 2025Article
- Investigation of alloimmunization in beta-thalassemia major patients: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn Caused by Irregular Antibodies: A 13-Year Retrospective Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Harnessing the potential of red blood cells in immunotherapy.Human immunology · 2024Review
- Post-transfusion biotin-labeled red blood cell survival studies in pediatric sickle cell disease with antibodies of uncertain significance.Transfusion · 2024Article
- Complement C3 and marginal zone B cells promote IgG-mediated enhancement of RBC alloimmunization in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- The role of glycosylation in clinical allergy and immunology.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Dynamics of antibody engagement of red blood cellsFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although RBC transfusion can result in the development of anti-RBC alloantibodies that increase the probability of life-threatening hemolytic transfusion reactions, not all patients generate anti-RBC alloantibodies. However, the factors that regulate immune responsiveness to RBC transfusion remain incompletely understood. One variable that may influence alloantibody formation is RBC alloantigen density. RBC alloantigens exist at different densities on the RBC surface and likewise exhibit distinct propensities to induce RBC alloantibody formation. However, although distinct alloantigens reside on the RBC surface at different levels, most alloantigens also represent completely different structures, making it difficult to separate the potential impact of differences in Ag density from other alloantigen features that may also influence RBC alloimmunization. To address this, we generated RBCs that stably express the same Ag at different levels. Although exposure to RBCs with higher Ag levels induces a robust Ab response, RBCs bearing low Ag levels fail to induce RBC alloantibodies. However, exposure to low Ag-density RBCs is not without consequence, because recipients subsequently develop Ag-specific tolerance. Low Ag-density RBC-induced tolerance protects higher Ag-density RBCs from immune-mediated clearance, is Ag specific, and occurs through the induction of B cell unresponsiveness. These results demonstrate that Ag density can potently impact immune outcomes following RBC transfusion and suggest that RBCs with altered Ag levels may provide a unique tool to induce Ag-specific tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.