Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28247187›Full record

ArticleMolecular imaging and biology2017

Development of Novel ImmunoPET Tracers to Image Human PD-1 Checkpoint Expression on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Humanized Mouse Model.

Arutselvan Natarajan, Aaron T Mayer, Robert E Reeves, Claude M Nagamine, Sanjiv Sam Gambhir

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular imaging and biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Challenges in tracer development for tumor microenvironment (TME) imaging.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Review
  3. Radiopharmaceuticals and their applications in medicine.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Ultra-low dose immunoPET usingFrontiers in medicine · 2025
    Article
  6. Methods for the Production of Radiolabeled Bioagents for ImmunoPET.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Molecular MRI-Based Monitoring of Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
  11. MRI techniques for immunotherapy monitoring.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Development of Radiotracers for Imaging of the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Noninvasive Imaging of CD4+ T Cells in Humanized Mice.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2022
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Molecular imaging · 2022
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Arutselvan NatarajanDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Aaron T MayerDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robert E ReevesDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Claude M NagamineDepartment of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sanjiv Sam GambhirDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. sgambhir@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · US

Funding

Small Animal ImagingP50CA114747 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI RAO, JIANGHONG · 2005 to 2014
$18.2M
Modeling and Predicting Therapeutic Resistance of CancerU01CA188383 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI FELSHER, DEAN W, GAMBHIR, SANJIV S · 2014 to 2018
$3.2M
Predoctoral Training in Biomedical Imaging at Stanford UniversityT32EB009653 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUTTS-PAULY, KIM · 2010 to 2019
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA114747NCI NIH HHS U01 CA188383NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB009653
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIt is well known that cancers exploit immune checkpoints (programmed death 1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1)) to evade anti-tumor immune responses. Although immune checkpoint (IC) blockade is a promising approach, not all patients respond. Hence, imaging of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is of high specific interest, as they are known to express PD-1 during activation and subsequent exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment and are thought to be potentially predictive of therapeutic responses to IC blockade. PROCEDURES: We developed immune-tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) to image hPD-1 status of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) adoptively transferred to NOD-scid IL-2Rγ

results[

conclusionsOur immunoPET study clearly demonstrates specific imaging of human PD-1-expressing TILs within the tumor and lymphoid tissues. This suggests these anti-human-PD-1 tracers could be clinically translatable to monitor cancer treatment response to IC blockade therapy.

Indexed as

Positron-Emission TomographyAnimalsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedB7-H1 AntigenCell Line, TumorChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDisease Models, AnimalHumansLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMicePositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyRadiopharmaceuticalsTissue DistributionAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedB7-H1 AntigenCD274 protein, humanpembrolizumabRadiopharmaceuticals64-Cu89-ZrImmunoPETKeytrudaPD-1Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID28247187
PMCPMC5624852
OpenAlexW2593135817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.