ArticleKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2017
The angle of inclination of the native ACL in the coronal and sagittal planes.
Article in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Size and Shape of the Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament and the Impact of Sex and Skeletal Growth: A Systematic Review.JBJS reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Transtibial ACL reconstruction produces higher sagittal inclination angles than the native ACL: A systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-based measurements in 2047 knees.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Graft orientation using the over-the-top technique in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Magnetic resonance imaging-based study.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Morphometric Evaluation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Orientation and Tibial Footprint Location Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sagittal Inclination Angle of the Graft Affects Graft Maturity and Knee Stability After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Race and Gender Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Femoral Footprint Location and Orientation: A 3D-MRI Study.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Article
- Age- and sex-specific differences in ACL and ACL bundle size during adolescent growth.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2022Article
- Anatomic all-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction with "inside-out" femoral tunnel placement in immature patients yields high return to sport rates and functional outcome scores a minimum of 24 months after reconstruction.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2021Article
- Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Anteromedial Portal Versus Transtibial Technique in ACL Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Review
- Age-related changes in ACL morphology during skeletal growth and maturation are different between females and males.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2021Article
- Biomechanical Function and Size of the Anteromedial and Posterolateral Bundles of the ACL Change Differently with Skeletal Growth in the Pig Model.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2019Article
- Computed Tomography Assessment of Anatomic Graft Placement After ACL Reconstruction: A Comparative Study of Grid and Angle Measurements.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2019Article
- Modified transtibial versus anteromedial portal techniques for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, a comparative study.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2018Article
- The natural orientation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament compared to the tibial plateau on magnetic resonance imaging scans.Journal of orthopaedicsArticle
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3 authors.
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Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the angle of inclination of the native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in both the sagittal and coronal planes and to evaluate these findings based on sex, height, BMI, and skeletal maturity.
methodsInclusion criteria for the study included patients undergoing routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee at a single outpatient orthopedic center who had an intact ACL on MRI. Measurements of the angle of inclination were made on MRIs in both the sagittal and coronal planes. Patients were compared based on sex, height, BMI, and skeletal maturity.
resultsOne-hundred and eighty-eight patients were included (36 skeletally immature/152 skeletally mature; 98 male/90 female). The overall angle of inclination was 74.3° ± 4.8° in the coronal plane and 46.9° ± 4.9° in the sagittal plane. Skeletally immature patients (coronal: 71.8° ± 6.1°; sagittal: 44.7° ± 5.5°) were significantly different in both coronal and sagittal planes (P = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively) from skeletally mature patients (coronal: 75.3° ± 4.7°; sagittal: 47.4° ± 4.7°). There were no differences based on sex, height, or BMI.
conclusionsThere are differences between the angle of inclination findings in this study and other studies, which could be due to MRI and measurement techniques. Clinically, skeletal maturity may be important to account for when using the ACL angle of inclination to evaluate anatomic ACL reconstruction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic retrospective study, Level of evidence III.
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