ArticleThe American journal of evaluation2016
Adaptive Interventions and SMART Designs: Application to child behavior research in a community setting.
Article in The American journal of evaluation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Behavioural components and delivery features of early childhood obesity prevention interventions: intervention coding of studies in the TOPCHILD Collaboration systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Pooled it
- Pilot Study of a Digital Health Intervention to Increase HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Uptake and Reduce Condomless Sex and Substance Use Among Adolescents.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026Trial
- The Adaptive Physical Activity Study in Stroke (TAPAS): A Feasibility Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Trial
- Pilot Study of a Multilevel Mobile Health App for Substance Use, Sexual Risk Behaviors, and Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Among Youth: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Trial
- Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems - precursors, outcomes, and etiology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Review
- Using end user feedback to specify an adaptive implementation strategy.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Applying the framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions to increase family communication about hereditary cancer.PEC innovation · 2023Article
- A manifesto for applying behavioural science.Nature human behaviour · 2023Review
- The Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial for Controlling Infectious Diseases: A Review of Recent Developments.American journal of public health · 2023Review
- Randomized and non-randomized designs for causal inference with longitudinal data in rare disorders.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2021Review
- Effectiveness of a technology-assisted, family volunteers delivered, brief, multicomponent parents' skills training intervention for children with developmental disorders in rural Pakistan: a cluster randomized controlled trial.International journal of mental health systems · 2021Article
- Protocol: examining the effectiveness of an adaptive implementation intervention to improve uptake of the VA suicide risk identification strategy: a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial.Implementation science : IS · 2020Article
- Study protocol for a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) to improve physical activity in employed women.Contemporary clinical trials · 2020Article
- Review
- Measuring Engagement in eHealth and mHealth Behavior Change Interventions: Viewpoint of Methodologies.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Article
- Individually Tailored, Adaptive Intervention to Manage Gestational Weight Gain: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Women With Overweight and Obesity.JMIR research protocols · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Heterogeneity between and within people necessitates the need for sequential personalized interventions to optimize individual outcomes. Personalized or adaptive interventions (AIs) are relevant for diseases and maladaptive behavioral trajectories when one intervention is not curative and success of a subsequent intervention may depend on individual characteristics or response. AIs may be applied to medical settings and to investigate best prevention, education, and community-based practices. AIs can begin with low-cost or low-burden interventions and followed with intensified or alternative interventions for those who need it most. AIs that guide practice over the course of a disease, program, or school year can be investigated through sequential multiple assignment randomized trials (SMARTs). To promote the use of SMARTs, we provide a hypothetical SMART in a Head Start program to address child behavior problems. We describe the advantages and limitations of SMARTs, particularly as they may be applied to the field of evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.