ReviewJournal of neurology2017
Iron, dopamine, genetics, and hormones in the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome.
Review in Journal of neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and factors associated with restless legs syndrome among pregnant women in middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Iron and Zinc in the Treatment of ADHD among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Improvement of restless leg syndrome in maintenance hemodialysis patients with limb ischemic preconditioning: a single-center randomized controlled clinical trial.Renal failure · 2023Trial
- Effects of a 12-week yoga versus a 12-week educational film intervention on symptoms of restless legs syndrome and related outcomes: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2020Trial
- Sleep Disruption in the Menopausal Transition and Postmenopause: A Narrative Review.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Review
- Sexual dimorphism of midbrain catecholaminergic metabolism revealed by neuromelanin-sensitive MRI.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neuronal regulated cell death in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases: key pathways and therapeutic potentials.Neural regeneration research · 2025Article
- Restless head syndrome: A retrospective study.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- Linking Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Neurotransmitter, and Neural Network Abnormalities and Mania: Elucidating Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Therapeutic Effect of the Ketogenic Diet in Bipolar Disorder.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Review
- Case Series and Literature Review on Phenotypic Variants of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS): A Unique Phase of Typical RLS?Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Case Report: Near-fatal adverse effects of dopamine agonist for the treatment of restless legs syndrome.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Top 50 Drugs Associated with Restless Legs Syndrome Based on the FDA Data from 2004 to 2024.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- A survey-based approach on restless legs syndrome: practices and perspectives among Italian neurologists.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Association among attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, restless legs syndrome, and peripheral iron status: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- Humans have a basic physical and psychological need to move the body: Physical activity as a primary drive.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- The CRAVE and ARGE scales for motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism: Brazilian Portuguese translation and single-item versions.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Motivation states to move, be physically active and sedentary vary like circadian rhythms and are associated with affect and arousal.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- PAMAM-Calix-Dendrimers: Second Generation Synthesis, Fluorescent Properties and Catecholamines Binding.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common, chronic neurologic condition, which causes a persistent urge to move the legs in the evening that interferes with sleep. Human and animal studies have been used to study the pathophysiologic state of RLS and much has been learned about the iron and dopamine systems in relation to RLS. Human neuropathologic and imaging studies have consistently shown decreased iron in different brain regions including substantia nigra and thalamus. These same areas also demonstrate a state of relative dopamine excess. While it is not known how these changes in dopamine or iron produce the symptoms of RLS, genetic and hormone studies of RLS have identified other biologic systems or genes, such as the endogenous opioid and melanocortin systems and BTBD9 and MEIS1, that may explain some of the iron or dopamine changes in relation to RLS. This manuscript will review what is known about the pathophysiology of RLS, especially as it relates to changes in iron, dopamine, genetics, and hormonal systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.