ArticlePloS one2017
The relationship of serum vitamins A, D, E and LL-37 levels with allergic status, tonsillar virus detection and immune response.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Difensil Immuno Reduces Recurrence and Severity of Tonsillitis in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Effects of liposomal nasal spray with vitamins A and E on allergic rhinitis.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2020Trial
- Vitamin D-inducible antimicrobial peptide LL-37 binds SARS-CoV-2 Spike and accessory proteins ORF7a and ORF8.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Association of circulating serum free bioavailable and total vitamin D with cathelicidin levels among active TB patients and household contacts.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Vitamin D Deficit as Inducer of Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-A Prospective Case-Control Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- PCR-based diagnosis of respiratory virus in postsurgical septic patients: A preliminary study before SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Medicine · 2022Article
- The long-term prognostic value of serum 25(OH)D, albumin, and LL-37 levels in acute respiratory diseases among older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Asthma, allergy and vitamin E: Current and future perspectives.Free radical biology & medicine · 2022Article
- Combination of natural antivirals and potent immune invigorators: A natural remedy to combat COVID-19.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2021Review
- The Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation for Athletes: Better Performance and Reduced Risk of COVID-19.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Serum level and clinical significance of vitamin E in children with allergic rhinitis.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Empirical Treatment and Prevention of COVID-19.Infection & chemotherapy · 2020Review
- The Cross-Talk Between Gut Microbiota and Lungs in Common Lung Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Rhinovirus species and tonsillar immune responses.Clinical and translational allergy · 2019Article
- The Role of the Microbiome in Asthma: The Gut⁻Lung Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Vitamin A Deficiency and the Lung.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Vitamin D₃ Status and the Association with Human Cathelicidin Expression in Patients with Different Clinical Forms of Active Tuberculosis.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Article
- Tonsillar cytokine expression between patients with tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTonsils have an active role in immune defence and inducing and maintaining tolerance to allergens. Vitamins A, D, and E, and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 may have immunomodulatory effects. We studied how their serum levels were associated with allergy status, intratonsillar/nasopharyngeal virus detection and intratonsillar expression of T cell- and innate immune response-specific cytokines, transcription factors and type I/II/III interferons in patients undergoing tonsillectomy.
methods110 elective tonsillectomy patients participated. Serum levels of vitamins A, 25(OH)D, and E, LL-37 and allergen-specific IgE as well as nasopharyngeal/intratonsillar respiratory viruses were analyzed. The mRNA expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-28, IL-29, IL-37, TGF-β, FOXP3, GATA3, RORC2 and Tbet in tonsils were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR.
resultsThe median age of the patients was 16 years (range 3-60), 28% of subjects had atopy, and 57% carried ≥1 respiratory virus in nasopharynx. Detection of viruses decreased by age. Higher vitamin A levels showed borderline significance with less viral detection (P = 0.056). Higher 25(OH)D was associated with less allergic rhinitis and atopy (P < 0.05) and higher vitamin E with less self-reported allergy (P < 0.05). In gene expression analyses, 25(OH)D was associated with higher IL-37, vitamin A with higher IFN-γ and vitamin E with less IL-28 (P < 0.05). LL-37 was associated with less FOXP3, RORC2 and IL-17 in tonsils (P < 0.05).
conclusionsVitamin D and E levels were associated with less allergic disorders. Vitamin A was linked to antiviral and vitamin D with anti-inflammatory activity. LL-37 and was linked to T regulatory cell effects.
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