Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28234800›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in neurology2017

Seizures and risk of epilepsy in autoimmune and other inflammatory encephalitis.

Marianna Spatola, Josep Dalmau

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Efgartigimod treatment for therapy-refractory autoimmune encephalitis with coexistent NMDAR and LGI1 antibodies: a case report and literature review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
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  15. Unique association of anti-GABANeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Article
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  17. Acute Symptomatic Seizures and Risk of Seizure Recurrence in Patients with Anti-NMDAR, Anti-LGI1, and Anti-GABANeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Article
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22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Marianna SpatolaaInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain bUniversity of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland cCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain dDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA eCatalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
Josep Dalmau
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats · ESUniversity of Lausanne · CH

Funding

Paraneoplastic Disorders of the CNS: Autoantigen ProfilingR01NS077851 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI DALMAU, JOSEP O. · 2011 to 2015
$1.9M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS077851
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThe aim of this study was to assess the seizure manifestations and risk of epilepsy in encephalitis associated with antibodies against neuronal cell-surface (autoimmune encephalitis) or myelin-associated antigens, and to review several chronic epileptic disorders, including Rasmussen's encephalitis, fever-induced refractory epileptic syndromes (FIRES) and new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). RECENT

findingsSeizures are a frequent manifestation of autoimmune encephalitis. Some autoimmune encephalitis may associate with characteristic features: faciobrachial dystonic seizures (anti-LGI1 encephalitis), electroencephalogram extreme delta brush (anti-NMDAR) or multifocal FLAIR-MRI abnormalities (anti-GABAAR). In anti-LGI1 encephalitis, cortical, limbic and basal ganglia dysfunction results in different types of seizures. Autoimmune encephalitis or myelin-antibody associated syndromes are often immunotherapy-responsive and appear to have a low risk for chronic epilepsy. In contrast patients with seizures related to GAD65-antibodies (an intracellular antigen) frequently develop epilepsy and have suboptimal response to treatment (including surgery). Rasmussen's encephalitis or FIRES may occur with autoantibodies of unclear significance and rarely respond to immunotherapy. A study of patients with NORSE showed that 30% developed chronic epilepsy. SUMMARY: Although seizures are frequent in all types of autoimmune encephalitis, the risk for chronic epilepsy is dependent on the antigen: lower if located on the cell-surface, and higher if intracellular. For other disorders (Rasmussen's encephalitis, FIRES, NORSE), the prognosis remains poor.

Indexed as

Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNSEncephalitisEpilepsyHashimoto DiseaseHumansInflammationRiskSeizures

Identifiers

PMID28234800
PMCPMC5831325
OpenAlexW2590448139

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.