ArticlePloS one2017
Depressive symptoms in HIV-infected and seronegative control subjects in Cameroon: Effect of age, education and gender.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of Depression in Outpatient HIV-Infected adults in Sub-Saharan Africa; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Exploratory Impact of iCARE Nigeria, a Combined mHealth and Peer Navigation Intervention, on Depressive Symptoms and Substance Use Among Youth Living With HIV in Nigeria: Single-Arm Trial.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Depression management and antiretroviral treatment outcome among people living with HIV in Northwest and East regions of Cameroon.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Prevalence and co-occurrence of symptoms of mental and substance use disorders among people with HIV age 40 and older in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Prevalence, risk factors and management of common mental health disorders in Cameroon: a systematic review.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- The burden of non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Depression, anxiety and medication adherence among tuberculosis patients attending treatment centres in Fako Division, Cameroon: cross-sectional study.BJPsych open · 2023Article
- Prevalence of stressful life events and associations with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder among people entering care for HIV in Cameroon.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Article
- Prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among HIV/AIDS in Ningbo, China: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Fear and depression during the COVID-19 outbreak in Cameroon: a nation-wide observational study.BMC psychiatry · 2021Observational
- Stigma, Social Support, Illicit Drug Use, and Other Predictors of Anxiety and Depression Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Antiretroviral therapy adherence based on information, motivation, and behavioral skills model and its association with depression among HIV-positive patients: Health promotion strategy towards the 909090 target.Journal of education and health promotion · 2019Article
- Effects of HIV on executive function and verbal fluency in Cameroon.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Trends Over Time for Adolescents Enrolling in HIV Care in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda From 2001-2014.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Depression is a leading cause of HIV/AIDS disease burden; it worsens health outcomes and quality of life. Addressing this problem requires accurate quantification of the extra burden of depression to HIV/AIDS in a given population, and knowledge of the baseline depression prevalence in the general population. There has been no previous study of depression in the general Cameroonian population. The current study attempts to address that important need. We used the Beck Depression Inventory-II to assess the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms in 270 HIV-infected and seronegative Cameroonians. Univariate analyses showed a trend toward higher depressive symptoms among cases, compared to controls (p = 0.055), and among older subjects (>40 years), compared to younger subjects (≤40 years) (p = 0.059). Analysis of depression severity showed that 33.73% of cases had moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, compared to 19.8% of controls (p<0.01). However, multivariable negative binomial regression analyses showed no effect of age, HIV status, CD4 levels, viral loads, ART, or opportunistic infections on the risk of depressive symptoms. Both univariate and multivariable regression analyses showed significantly higher risk of depressive symptoms among females compared to males; this was significant for both female controls and female cases. Female cases had significantly higher CD4 cell counts and lower viral loads, compared to males. Both univariate and multivariable regression analyses showed that lower education (≤10 years) was associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms. This study shows a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among seronegative controls and HIV-infected Cameroonians. Integrating care for mental disorders such as depression into primary health care and existing HIV/AIDS treatment programs in Cameroon may improve the wellbeing of the general population and could lower the HIV/AIDS burden.
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Registered trials
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