ArticleImmunity2017
Dysregulation of the Cytokine GM-CSF Induces Spontaneous Phagocyte Invasion and Immunopathology in the Central Nervous System.
Article in Immunity, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokine circuits in CNS homeostasis and disease.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- ACP5-positive macrophages contribute to cerebral oedema and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- ΔJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Inflame and restrain - the paradoxical roles of IL-12 and IL-23 in immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Characterization of pre-analytical blood collection and stabilization parameters to maintain endogenous protein levels for remote blood sampling technology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The E3 ligases Itch and WWP2 regulate autoimmune neuroinflammation by controlling TNature communications · 2026Article
- CD32b defines distinct dendritic cell lineages generated from the culture of bone marrow with GM-CSF.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- T Helper Cells and Cytokine Networks in the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- T cell-mediated immunodysregulation in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic subsets to therapeutic advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- mGem: When immunity turns against itself-GM-CSF autoantibodies drive opportunistic infection risk.mBio · 2025Review
- GM-CSFTheranostics · 2025Review
- Transcription factor TCF1 binds to RORγt and orchestrates a regulatory network that determines homeostatic Th17 cell state.Immunity · 2024Article
- Targeting cytokine networks in neuroinflammatory diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Profiling migration of human monocytes in response to chemotactic and barotactic guidance cues.Cell reports methods · 2024Article
- Neuroinflammatory markers at school age in preterm born children with neurodevelopmental impairments.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- SKI Regulates Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation to Control Peripheral T Cell Responses in Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Article
- Establishment of a high-content compatible platform to assess effects of monocyte-derived factors on neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The impact of maternal anti-inflammatory drugs on surgical anesthesia-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in offspring mice.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Unravelling monocyte functions: from the guardians of health to the regulators of disease.Discovery immunology · 2024Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases are influenced by dysregulation of cytokines. Among them, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is crucial for the pathogenic function of T cells in preclinical models of autoimmunity. To study the impact of dysregulated GM-CSF expression in vivo, we generated a transgenic mouse line allowing the induction of GM-CSF expression in mature, peripheral helper T (Th) cells. Antigen-independent GM-CSF release led to the invasion of inflammatory myeloid cells into the central nervous system (CNS), which was accompanied by the spontaneous development of severe neurological deficits. CNS-invading phagocytes produced reactive oxygen species and exhibited a distinct genetic signature compared to myeloid cells invading other organs. We propose that the CNS is particularly vulnerable to the attack of monocyte-derived phagocytes and that the effector functions of GM-CSF-expanded myeloid cells are in turn guided by the tissue microenvironment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.