Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2017
Behavioral economic incentives to improve adherence to antiretroviral medication.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
INcentives and ReMINDers to Improve Long-term Medication Adherence
INcentives and ReMINDers to Improve Long-term Medication Adherence
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of Behavioural Economics-Informed Interventions on the Care Cascade for Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Specification of implementation interventions to address the cascade of HIV care and treatment in resource-limited settings: a systematic review.Implementation science : IS · 2017Pooled it
- Impact of Financial Incentives on Intimate Partner Violence for Women Living with HIV Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
- Incentivizing adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: a randomized pilot trial among male sex workers in Mexico.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Trial
- Financial incentives to improve re-engagement in HIV care: results from a randomized pilot study.AIDS care · 2023Trial
- A virtual pilot optimization trial for African American/Black and Latino persons with non-suppressed HIV viral load grounded in motivational interviewing and behavioral economics.Frontiers in public health · 2023Trial
- Methylphenidate augmentation of escitalopram to enhance adherence to antidepressant treatment: a pilot randomized controlled trial.BMC psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Uncovering a behavioral strategy for establishing new habits: Evidence from incentives for medication adherence in Uganda.Journal of health economics · 2021Trial
- Financial incentives to promote retention in care and viral suppression in adults with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania: a three-arm randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2020Trial
- Financial incentives for achieving and maintaining viral suppression among HIV-positive adults in Uganda: a randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2019Trial
- Applying Behavioral Economics to HIV Prevention: Development of a Novel PrEP Demand Task.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- "It's Our Superpower": A Mixed-Methods Study to Understand Motivation and Capabilities for HIV Management Among African American/Black and Latine Emerging Adults Living With HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Integrating HIV and Stimulant-Use Disorder Treatment: A Pilot Implementation Effectiveness Trial of Contingency Management in HIV Care.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Incentive-based interventions to improve HIV prevention and care continuum: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Community-Partnered Development of Behavioral Economic Incentives in a Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Intervention for Transgender and Nonbinary Clients in Los Angeles.Research square · 2025Article
- Scaling-up an mHealth system to deliver financial incentives to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- The Use of Mobile Health Technology and Behavioral Economics to Encourage Adherence to Statins and Blood Pressure-Lowering Medication in Adolescents with Familial Hypercholesterolemia or Hypertension: Protocol for a Pre-Post Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Acceptance-Based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Intervention (ACTPrEP) to Engage Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Southern United States: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- The association between adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression under dolutegravir-based regimens: an observational cohort study from Uganda.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFixed incentives have been largely unsuccessful in improving adherence to antiretroviral medication. Therefore, we evaluate whether small incentives based on behavioral economic theory can increase adherence to antiretroviral medication among treatment-mature adults in Kampala, Uganda.
designA randomized control trial design tests whether providing small incentives based on either attending timely clinic visits (intervention group 1) or achieving high medication adherence (intervention group 2) can increase antiretroviral adherence. Antiretroviral adherence is measured by medical event monitoring system (MEMS) caps.
methodsOverall, 155 HIV-infected men and women age 19-78 were randomized into one of two intervention groups and received small prizes of US $1.50 awarded through a drawing conditional on either attending scheduled clinic appointments or achieving at least 90% antiretroviral adherence. The control group received the usual standard of care.
resultsPreliminary results based on pooling the intervention groups showed individuals receiving incentives were 23.7 percentage points more likely to achieve 90% antiretroviral adherence compared with the control group [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.7-40.7%]. Specifically, 63.3% (95% CI, 52.9-72.8%) of participants in the pooled intervention groups maintained at least 90% mean adherence during the first 9 months of the intervention, compared with 39.6% (95% CI, 25.8-54.7%) in the control group.
conclusionSmall prize incentives resulted in a statistically significant increase in antiretroviral adherence. Although more traditional fixed incentives have not produced the desired results, these findings suggest that small incentives based on behavioral economic theory may be more effective in motivating long-term adherence among treatment-mature adults.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.