Trial reportPublic health nutrition2017
Store-directed price promotions and communications strategies improve healthier food supply and demand: impact results from a randomized controlled, Baltimore City store-intervention trial.
Trial report in Public health nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthy eating interventions conducted in small, local restaurants and hot food takeaways: a systematic review.Public health nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Effect of Retail Food Environment Interventions on Diet and Health with a Focus on the Enabling Role of Public Policies.Current nutrition reports · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic review: a systems innovation perspective on barriers and facilitators for the implementation of healthy food-store interventions.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic review of factors that influence food store owner and manager decision making and ability or willingness to use choice architecture and marketing mix strategies to encourage healthy consumer purchases in the United States, 2005-2017.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019Pooled it
- Grocery store interventions to change food purchasing behaviors: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Pooled it
- Pricing Strategies to Encourage Availability, Purchase, and Consumption of Healthy Foods and Beverages: A Systematic Review.Preventing chronic disease · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- The effects of nudging and pricing on healthy food purchasing behavior in a virtual supermarket setting: a randomized experiment.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2020Trial
- Review
- The Baltimore Urban Food Distribution (BUD) App: Study Protocol to Assess the Feasibility of a Food Systems Intervention.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Development of a System Dynamics Model to Guide Retail Food Store Policies in Baltimore City.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Food shopping, home food availability, and food insecurity among customers in small food stores: an exploratory study.Translational behavioral medicine · 2020Article
- Fruit and Vegetable Purchases in Farmer's Market Stands: Analysing Survey and Sales Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Implementation of B'More Healthy Communities for Kids: process evaluation of a multi-level, multi-component obesity prevention intervention.Health education research · 2018Article
- Availability, quality and price of produce in low-income neighbourhood food stores in California raise equity issues.Public health nutrition · 2018Article
- Grappling With Complex Food Systems to Reduce Obesity: A US Public Health Challenge.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSmall food store interventions show promise to increase healthy food access in under-resourced areas. However, none have tested the impact of price discounts on healthy food supply and demand. We tested the impact of store-directed price discounts and communications strategies, separately and combined, on the stocking, sales and prices of healthier foods and on storeowner psychosocial factors.
designFactorial design randomized controlled trial.
settingTwenty-four corner stores in low-income neighbourhoods of Baltimore City, MD, USA. SUBJECTS: Stores were randomized to pricing intervention, communications intervention, combined pricing and communications intervention, or control. Stores that received the pricing intervention were given a 10-30 % price discount by wholesalers on selected healthier food items during the 6-month trial. Communications stores received visual and interactive materials to promote healthy items, including signage, taste tests and refrigerators.
resultsAll interventions showed significantly increased stock of promoted foods v. CONTROL: There was a significant treatment effect for daily unit sales of healthy snacks (β=6·4, 95 % CI 0·9, 11·9) and prices of healthy staple foods (β=-0·49, 95 % CI -0·90, -0·03) for the combined group v. control, but not for other intervention groups. There were no significant intervention effects on storeowner psychosocial factors.
conclusionsAll interventions led to increased stock of healthier foods. The combined intervention was effective in increasing sales of healthier snacks, even though discounts on snacks were not passed to the consumer. Experimental research in small stores is needed to understand the mechanisms by which store-directed price promotions can increase healthy food supply and demand.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.