ArticleArthritis care & research2017
Serious Infection Rates Among Children With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Enrolled in Medicaid.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management and outcomes in children with lupus nephritis in the developing countries.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Expert collaborative evidence-based consensus for childhood lupus nephritis diagnosis and treatment: unifying clinical approach in Saudi Arabia.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Article
- Immune ontogeny in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: effect of immune maturity on disease phenotype and therapeutic responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug selection with hospitalised infection among youth with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Acute kidney injury and outcomes in hospitalized children with autoimmune rheumatic disease.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Hospitalised infections and rituximab administration among children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus from 2009 to 2021.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Bioinformatic analysis of immune-related transcriptome affected byTranslational pediatrics · 2023Article
- Factors Predictive of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single-Centre Retrospective Analysis.Acta medica academica · 2023Article
- Major Infections of Newly Diagnosed Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
- Systemic lupus of pediatric onset in Afro-Caribbean children: a cohort study in the French West Indies and French Guiana.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2022Article
- Health disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus-a narrative review.Clinical rheumatology · 2022Review
- Association of low-dose glucocorticoid use and infection occurrence in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a prospective cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Article
- Real-life vaccination coverage in Slovak children with rheumatic diseases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Genetic Polymorphisms and the Clinical Response to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment Towards Personalized Medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis in Children with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Biologic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2021Article
- Disparities in Lupus and Lupus Nephritis Care and Outcomes Among US Medicaid Beneficiaries.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Comorbidities of antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus in children.Current rheumatology reports · 2020Review
- Trends in the Medical Complexity and Outcomes of Medicare-insured Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplant in the Years 1998-2014.Transplantation · 2019Article
- Glucocorticoid treatment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the nationwide prevalence and incidence of serious infections among children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) enrolled in Medicaid, the US health insurance program for low-income patients.
methodsFrom Medicaid claims (2000-2006) we identified children ages 5 to <18 years with SLE (≥3 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9] codes of 710.0, each >30 days apart) and lupus nephritis (LN; ≥2 ICD-9 codes for kidney disease on/after SLE codes). From hospital discharge diagnoses, we identified infection subtypes (bacterial, fungal, and viral). We calculated incidence rates (IRs) per 100 person-years, mortality rates, and hazard ratios adjusted for sociodemographic factors, medications, and preventive care.
resultsAmong 3,500 children with identified SLE, 1,053 serious infections occurred over 10,108 person-years; the IR was 10.42 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.80-11.07) among all those with SLE and 17.65 per 100 person-years (95% CI 16.29-19.09) among those with LN. Bacterial infections were most common (87%, of which 39% were bacterial pneumonias). In adjusted models, African Americans and American Indians had higher rates of infections compared with white children, and those with comorbidities or receiving corticosteroids had higher infection rates than those without. Males had lower rates of serious infections compared to females. The 30-day postdischarge mortality rate was 4.4%.
conclusionOverall, hospitalized infections were very common in children with SLE, with bacterial pneumonia being the most common infection. Highest infection risks were among African American and American Indian children, those with LN, comorbidities, and those taking corticosteroids.
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