Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28216252›Full record

ArticleAtherosclerosis2017

Calcification of the splenic, iliac, and breast arteries and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Eva J E Hendriks, Joline W J Beulens, Pim A de Jong, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Wei-Ning Sun, C Michael Wright, Michael H Criqui, Matthew A Allison, Joachim H Ix

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Atherosclerosis, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Eva J E HendriksJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Joline W J BeulensJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Pim A de JongDepartment of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Yvonne T van der SchouwJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Y.T.vanderSchouw@umcutrecht.nl.
Wei-Ning SunDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
C Michael WrightDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Michael H CriquiDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Matthew A AllisonDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Nephrology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Joachim H IxDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Nephrology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
University Medical Center Utrecht · NLUniversity of California San Diego · USScripps Health · US

Funding

Coronary Calcium Score Method and Cardiovascular Disease Events in Two CohortsR01HL116395 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CRIQUI, MICHAEL H · 2013 to 2016
$2.9M
Mentored Patient Oriented Research in Kidney DiseaseK24DK110427 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI IX, JOACHIM H · 2016 to 2020
$780k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL116395NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK110427
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsCVD risks associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and aortic calcification (AC) are well known, but less is known about other calcified arteries. We aimed to assess the associations of arterial calcification in the breast, splenic, and internal and external iliac arteries with CVD risk factors and mortality.

methodsWe conducted a case-cohort study nested in a cohort of 5196 individuals who self-referred or were referred by a health care provider for whole body computed tomography (CT), including a random subcohort (n = 395) and total and CVD mortality cases (n = 298 and n = 90), who died during a median follow-up of 9.4 years. Arterial calcification in the breast, splenic, and internal and external iliac arteries on CT was scored using a simple visual score. AC and CAC were previously measured using the Agatston technique. Logistic regression models were made to study associations of CVD risk factors with calcification in the different vascular beds. Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for CVD risk factors, and calcification in other vascular beds, were used to study associations with mortality.

resultsIn the subcohort, the mean age was 56.6 years (SD 11.1) and 41.3% were female. The prevalence of calcification on CT, was 11.6% in the splenic, 47.9% in the internal iliac and 9.5% in the external iliac arteries, while 3.7% of women had breast artery calcification (BAC). Calcification in the splenic and iliac arteries was associated with calcification in the abdominal aorta but differentially associated with other CVD risk factors in logistic regression models. The prevalence of BAC was too low to fit these multivariable models. Calcification of the external iliac arteries was significantly associated with both all-cause and CVD mortality, but no longer significant when adjusted for CVD risk factors. Breast artery calcification was associated with both all-cause and CVD mortality independent of CVD risk factors and AAC and CAC (all-cause HR 5.67 [95% CI 1.50-21.41]).

conclusionsRisk factors associated with calcification, and the association of calcification with risk of mortality differ across vascular beds, possibly reflecting different pathophysiology.

Indexed as

Iliac ArterySplenic ArteryAgedBreastCaliforniaCase-Control StudiesCause of DeathFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPeripheral Arterial DiseasePredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceCardiovascular risk factorsMortalityVascular calcification

Identifiers

PMID28216252
PMCPMC5376519
OpenAlexW2582125047

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.