Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28215470›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia research2017

Sex versus gender differences in schizophrenia: The case for normal personality differences.

Richard Lewine, Morgan Martin, Mara Hart

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Richard LewineDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Belknap Campus, Louisville, KY 40292, USA. Electronic address: rich.lewine@louisville.edu.
Morgan MartinDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Belknap Campus, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Mara HartDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Belknap Campus, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.

Funding

SCHIZOPHRENIA HETEROGENEITY AND BRAIN SEX DIFFERENCESR37MH044151 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI LEWINE, RICHARD R.J. · 1989 to 1996
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NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH044151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia has generally been viewed as having a unique preschizophrenia personality or destructive to the personality post-onset. This view is reflected in the scarcity of studies of personality in schizophrenia with the exception of schizotypal personality considered by many as an endophenotype of schizophrenia. What is missing is the study of personality as independent of schizophrenia and as a potential source of schizophrenia heterogeneity. In this study we examine sex versus gender as an initial effort to introduce personality as a normal variant that influences how schizophrenia is expressed. Gender, a personality construct, was associated with the presence of depression in a large sample of schizophrenia patients controlling for sex, age of onset, severity of disorder, and education. The results suggest that gender, rather than sex, as a representative personality trait may yield important insights into how schizophrenia is expressed.

Indexed as

Gender IdentityPersonalitySchizophrenic PsychologySex CharacteristicsAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMood DisordersPersonality InventoryPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAffectGenderPersonalitySchizophreniaSex differences

Identifiers

PMID28215470
PMCPMC5559345

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.