ArticleDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2017
Effects of prior testing lasting a full year in NCANDA adolescents: Contributions from age, sex, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, site, family history of alcohol or drug abuse, and baseline performance.
Article in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- The longitudinal structure of cognition in the ABCD study and associations with neural function and psychopathology: A Bayesian probabilistic principal components analysis.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Developmental relations between internalizing symptoms and negative urgency during middle adolescence.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Within-person imbalance of reward sensitivity and executive functioning across adolescent development: A longitudinal examination of the dual systems model from childhood to adulthood.Developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of the ABCD® study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Review
- Cognitive assessment in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: harmonization priorities and strategies in a diverse international sample.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of the relationship between alcohol-related blackouts and attenuated structural brain development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- A canonical trajectory of executive function maturation from adolescence to adulthood.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Prior test experience confounds longitudinal tracking of adolescent cognitive and motor development.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Age-related changes and longitudinal stability of individual differences in ABCD Neurocognition measures.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice?Neuropsychology · 2022Article
- Comparison of factor analysis models applied to the NCANDA neuropsychological test battery.PloS one · 2022Article
- A Longitudinal Examination of Alcohol-Related Blackouts as a Predictor of Changes in Learning, Memory, and Executive Function in Adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- How Do People Perform an Inspection Time Task? An Examination of Visual Illusions, Task Experience, and Blinking.Journal of cognition · 2020Article
- Behavioral Flexibility in Alcohol-Drinking Monkeys: The Morning After.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2020Article
- Adolescent neurocognitive development and impacts of substance use: Overview of the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) baseline neurocognition battery.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2018Review
- Eveningness and Later Sleep Timing Are Associated with Greater Risk for Alcohol and Marijuana Use in Adolescence: Initial Findings from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence Study.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2017Article
- Adolescent Executive Dysfunction in Daily Life: Relationships to Risks, Brain Structure and Substance Use.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2020
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Longitudinal study provides a robust method for tracking developmental trajectories. Yet inherent problems of retesting pose challenges in distinguishing biological developmental change from prior testing experience. We examined factors potentially influencing change scores on 16 neuropsychological test composites over 1year in 568 adolescents in the National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) project. The twice-minus-once-tested method revealed that performance gain was mainly attributable to testing experience (practice) with little contribution from predicted developmental effects. Group mean practice slopes for 13 composites indicated that 60% to ∼100% variance was attributable to test experience; General Ability accuracy showed the least practice effect (29%). Lower baseline performance, especially in younger participants, was a strong predictor of greater gain. Contributions from age, sex, ethnicity, examination site, socioeconomic status, or family history of alcohol/substance abuse were nil to small, even where statistically significant. Recognizing that a substantial proportion of change in longitudinal testing, even over 1-year, is attributable to testing experience indicates caution against assuming that performance gain observed during periods of maturation necessarily reflects development. Estimates of testing experience, a form of learning, may be a relevant metric for detecting interim influences, such as alcohol use or traumatic episodes, on behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.