Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28212667›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2017

Assessing the interruption of the transmission of human helminths with mass drug administration alone: optimizing the design of cluster randomized trials.

Roy Anderson, Sam Farrell, Hugo Turner, Judd Walson, Christl A Donnelly, James Truscott

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In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Roy AndersonDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK. roy.anderson@imperial.ac.uk.
Sam FarrellDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
Hugo TurnerDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
Judd WalsonDeWorm3, Natural History Museum London, London, UK.
Christl A DonnellyDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
James TruscottDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA method is outlined for the use of an individual-based stochastic model of parasite transmission dynamics to assess different designs for a cluster randomized trial in which mass drug administration (MDA) is employed in attempts to eliminate the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) in defined geographic locations. The hypothesis to be tested is: Can MDA alone interrupt the transmission of STH species in defined settings? Clustering is at a village level and the choice of clusters of villages is stratified by transmission intensity (low, medium and high) and parasite species mix (either Ascaris, Trichuris or hookworm dominant).

resultsThe methodological approach first uses an age-structured deterministic model to predict the MDA coverage required for treating pre-school aged children (Pre-SAC), school aged children (SAC) and adults (Adults) to eliminate transmission (crossing the breakpoint in transmission created by sexual mating in dioecious helminths) with 3 rounds of annual MDA. Stochastic individual-based models are then used to calculate the positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively, for observing elimination or the bounce back of infection) for a defined prevalence of infection 2 years post the cessation of MDA. For the arm only involving the treatment of Pre-SAC and SAC, the failure rate is predicted to be very high (particularly for hookworm-infected villages) unless transmission intensity is very low (R

conclusionsThe calculations are designed to consider various trial arms and stratifications; namely, community-based treatment and Pre-SAC and SAC only treatment (the two arms of the trial), different STH transmission settings of low, medium and high, and different STH species mixes. Results are considered in the light of the complications introduced by the choice of statistic to define success or failure, varying adherence to treatment, migration and parameter uncertainty.

Indexed as

Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicAdolescentAdultAnimalsAnthelminticsChildChild, PreschoolCommunity Health ServicesDelivery of Health CareDisease EradicationFemaleHelminthiasisHelminthsHookworm InfectionsHumansMaleAnthelminticsSoilCluster randomized trial designInterrupting transmissionMass drug administration impactSoil-transmitted helminthsStochastic models of transmission

Identifiers

PMID28212667
PMCPMC5316156

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.