ArticleJournal of reward deficiency syndrome and addiction science2016
KB220Z™ a Pro-Dopamine Regulator Associated with the Protracted, Alleviation of Terrifying Lucid Dreams. Can We Infer Neuroplasticity-induced Changes in the Reward Circuit?
Article in Journal of reward deficiency syndrome and addiction science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Large-Scale Data Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Through GWAS Fine-Mapping and Systems Biology.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Multi-Locus Pro-Dopaminergic Restoration of Reward Brain Circuitry in Reward Deficiency Rescinds Mono-Pharmaceutical Targeting.Neurology (E-Cronicon) · 2025Article
- Hypothesizing Enhanced Brain Activity as A Function of Dopamine Homeostasis as Observed with KB220 in A Male with Delayed Cognitive Performance.Acta scientific neurology · 2024Article
- Summary Document Research on RDS Anti-addiction Modeling: Annotated Bibliography.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- A historical perspective on clonidine as an alpha-2A receptor agonist in the treatment of addictive behaviors: Focus on opioid dependence.INNOSC theranostics & pharmacological sciences · 2024Article
- Solving the Global Opioid Crisis: Incorporating Genetic Addiction Risk Assessment with Personalized Dopaminergic Homeostatic Therapy and Awareness Integration Therapy.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- Theorizing that Psychedelic Assisted Therapy May Play a Role in the Treatment of Trauma-Induced Personality Disorders.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- Is There a Natural, Non-addictive, and Non-anti-reward, Safe, Gene-based Solution to Treat Reward Deficiency Syndrome? KB220 Variants vs GLP-1 Analogs.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- Invited Expert Opinion- Bioinformatic and Limitation Directives to Help Adopt Genetic Addiction Risk Screening and Identify Preaddictive Reward Dysregulation: Required Analytic Evidence to Induce Dopamine Homeostatsis.Medical research archives · 2023Article
- Future Newborns with Opioid-Induced Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) Could Be Assessed with the Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Test and Potentially Treated Using Precision Amino-Acid Enkephalinase Inhibition Therapy (KB220) as a Frontline Modality Instead of Potent Opioids.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Precision Behavioral Management (PBM) and Cognitive Control as a Potential Therapeutic and Prophylactic Modality for Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Is There Enough Evidence?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Ventral tegmental area dopaminergic action in music therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: A literature review.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Endorphinergic Enhancement Attenuation of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)Current psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Ventral Tegmental Area Dysfunction and Disruption of Dopaminergic Homeostasis: Implications for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Review
- Epigenetic Repair of Terrifying Lucid Dreams by Enhanced Brain Reward Functional Connectivity and Induction of Dopaminergic Homeostatic Signaling.Current psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Cannabis-Induced Hypodopaminergic Anhedonia and Cognitive Decline in Humans: Embracing Putative Induction of Dopamine Homeostasis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Molecular neuro-biological and systemic health benefits of achieving dopamine homeostasis in the face of a catastrophic pandemic (COVID- 19): A mechanistic exploration.Journal of systems and integrative neuroscience · 2020Article
- Understanding the Scientific Basis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Precision Behavioral Management Overrides Stigmatization.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- My Dream, My Rules: Can Lucid Dreaming Treat Nightmares?Frontiers in psychology · 2019Review
- Pro-dopamine regulator, KB220Z, attenuates hoarding and shopping behavior in a female, diagnosed with SUD and ADHD.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent reports by our laboratory have indicated that lucid dreams may be linked to psychiatric conditions, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other Reward Deficiency Syndrome-related diagnoses. In the latter case, it has been our observation that such lucid dreams can be unpleasant and frequently terrifying. CASE PRESENTATIONS: We present four cases of a dramatic and persistent alleviation of terrifying, lucid dreams in patients diagnosed with ADHD/PTSD and/or opiate/opioid addiction. The amelioration of such dreams could well be permanent, since the patients had stopped taking the nutraceutical for between 10 to 12 months, without their recollection or recurrence. In the first case, the patient is a 47-year-old, married male who required continued Buprenorphine/ Naloxone (Suboxone) treatment. The second case involved a 32-year-old female with the sole diagnosis of ADHD. The third case involves a 38-year-old male who carried the diagnoses of Substance Use Dependence and ADHD. The fourth case involved a 50-year-old female with the diagnoses of Alcohol Abuse, ADHD and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
resultsIn order to attempt to understand the possibility of neuroplasticity, we evaluated the effect of KB220Z in non-opioid-addicted rats utilizing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging methodology. While we cannot make a definitive claim because rat brain functional connectivity may not be exactly the same as humans, it does provide some interesting clues. We did find following seeding of the dorsal hippocampus, enhanced connectivity volume across several Regions of Interest (ROI), with the exception of the pre- frontal cortex. Interestingly, the latter region is only infrequently activated in lucid human dreaming, when the dreamer reports that he/she had the thought that they were dreaming during the lucid dream.
conclusionsThe four patients initially reported a gradual but, then, complete amelioration of their long-term, terrifying, lucid dreams, while taking KB220Z. The persistent amelioration of these dreams continued for up to 12 months, after a self-initiated, cessation of use of KB220Z. These particular cases raise the scientific possibility that KB200Z increases both dopamine stability as well as functional connectivity between networks of brain reward circuitry in both rodents and humans. The increase in connectivity volume in rodents suggest the induction of neuroplasticity changes, which may be analogous to those involved in human lucid dreaming as well as Rapid Eye Movement sleep. The possibility that the complex induces long-term, neuroplasticity changes must await more intensive investigations, involving large-population, double-blinded studies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.