Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28210713›Full record

ArticleJournal of reward deficiency syndrome and addiction science2016

KB220Z™ a Pro-Dopamine Regulator Associated with the Protracted, Alleviation of Terrifying Lucid Dreams. Can We Infer Neuroplasticity-induced Changes in the Reward Circuit?

Thomas McLaughlin, Marcelo Febo, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, Debmalya Barh, Kristina Dushaj, Eric R Braverman, Mona Li, Margaret A Madigan, Kenneth Blum

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of reward deficiency syndrome and addiction science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Thomas McLaughlinCenter for Psychiatric Medicine, North Andover, MA, USA.
Marcelo FeboDepartment of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Rajendra D BadgaiyanMolecular and Functional Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Neuromodulation Program, University of Minnesota Twin City Campus, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Laboratory of Advanced Radiochemistry, University of Minnesota Twin City Campus, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Debmalya BarhCentre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, India.
Kristina DushajDepartment of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
Eric R BravermanDepartment of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
Mona LiDepartment of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
Margaret A MadiganDepartment of Personalized Medicine, IGENE, LLC., Austin, TX, USA.
Kenneth BlumDepartment of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, India; Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA; Department of Personalized Medicine, IGENE, LLC., Austin, TX, USA; Community Mental Health Institute, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, University of Vermont and Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA; Division of Addiction Services, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC., North Kingstown, RI, USA; Division of Neuroscience-Based Therapy, Summit Estate Recovery Center, Los Gatos, CA, USA; Department of Nutrigenomics, LaVita RDS, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Division of Neuroscience Research & Addiction Therapy, Shores Treatment & Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA; Department of Education & Psychology, Eotvus Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology · INNational Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder · USUniversity of Florida · US

Funding

Dopamine Neurotransmission in Tourette SyndromeR01NS073884 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
Brain Imaging of Cocaine and Maternal RewardR01DA019946 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI FEBO, MARCELO · 2007 to 2011
$1.6M
Imaging In Vivo Neural Mechanisms of Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts)R21DA038009 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI FEBO, MARCELO · 2015 to 2016
$411k
Detection of Dopamine Release During a Cognitive TaskR21MH073624 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2005 to 2006
$368k
Dopamine Neurotransmission in AddictionI01CX000479 · VA · VA WESTERN NEW YORK HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2013 to 2014
–
CSRD VA I01 CX000479NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA019946NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA038009NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH073624NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073884
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent reports by our laboratory have indicated that lucid dreams may be linked to psychiatric conditions, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other Reward Deficiency Syndrome-related diagnoses. In the latter case, it has been our observation that such lucid dreams can be unpleasant and frequently terrifying. CASE PRESENTATIONS: We present four cases of a dramatic and persistent alleviation of terrifying, lucid dreams in patients diagnosed with ADHD/PTSD and/or opiate/opioid addiction. The amelioration of such dreams could well be permanent, since the patients had stopped taking the nutraceutical for between 10 to 12 months, without their recollection or recurrence. In the first case, the patient is a 47-year-old, married male who required continued Buprenorphine/ Naloxone (Suboxone) treatment. The second case involved a 32-year-old female with the sole diagnosis of ADHD. The third case involves a 38-year-old male who carried the diagnoses of Substance Use Dependence and ADHD. The fourth case involved a 50-year-old female with the diagnoses of Alcohol Abuse, ADHD and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

resultsIn order to attempt to understand the possibility of neuroplasticity, we evaluated the effect of KB220Z in non-opioid-addicted rats utilizing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging methodology. While we cannot make a definitive claim because rat brain functional connectivity may not be exactly the same as humans, it does provide some interesting clues. We did find following seeding of the dorsal hippocampus, enhanced connectivity volume across several Regions of Interest (ROI), with the exception of the pre- frontal cortex. Interestingly, the latter region is only infrequently activated in lucid human dreaming, when the dreamer reports that he/she had the thought that they were dreaming during the lucid dream.

conclusionsThe four patients initially reported a gradual but, then, complete amelioration of their long-term, terrifying, lucid dreams, while taking KB220Z. The persistent amelioration of these dreams continued for up to 12 months, after a self-initiated, cessation of use of KB220Z. These particular cases raise the scientific possibility that KB200Z increases both dopamine stability as well as functional connectivity between networks of brain reward circuitry in both rodents and humans. The increase in connectivity volume in rodents suggest the induction of neuroplasticity changes, which may be analogous to those involved in human lucid dreaming as well as Rapid Eye Movement sleep. The possibility that the complex induces long-term, neuroplasticity changes must await more intensive investigations, involving large-population, double-blinded studies.

Indexed as

Connectivity volumeDopamineKB220zLucid dreamsNeuroplasticity

Identifiers

PMID28210713
PMCPMC5308138
OpenAlexW2576044823

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.