ArticleAIDS research and therapy2017
Late presentation increases risk and costs of non-infectious comorbidities in people with HIV: an Italian cost impact study.
Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- German evidence- and consensus-based guideline on the management of penile urethritis.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025Guideline
- Implementing HIV teams sustainably improves HIV indicator condition testing rates in hospitals in the Netherlands: the #aware.hiv clinical trial.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Characteristics of late HIV diagnosis in Germany in 2019 and 2020 - A regional analysis.Infection · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Advanced HIV Disease at Presentation in Care Among People Living With HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Factors associated with late HIV diagnosis among adults living with HIV in Oman: a 32-year ambidirectional cohort study at a tertiary referral hospital.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Risk factors for late HIV diagnosis in England, 2015-2023.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Missed opportunities for HIV diagnosis in Mexico City: unveiling the sex gap.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Implementing HIV teams to improve HIV indicator condition-guided testing in general practitioner centers in the Netherlands.BMC primary care · 2024Observational
- Progress in Early Detection of HIV in Tajikistan.Viruses · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Late HIV Presentation in Patients Treated at a Single Belgian Reference Centre from 2018 to 2022.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Tackling late HIV diagnosis: Lessons from the UK in the COVID-19 era.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2024Review
- Article
- Prevalence, characteristics and challenges of late HIV diagnosis in Germany: an expert narrative review.Infection · 2023Review
- Article
- Cardiovascular events in delayed presentation of HIV: the prospective PISCIS cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Changes in multimorbidity burden over a 3-5 year period among people with HIV.Frontiers in systems biology · 2023Article
- Estimating the risk of mortality attributable to recent late HIV diagnosis following admission to the intensive care unit: A single-centre observational cohort study.HIV medicine · 2022Observational
- Increasing HIV early diagnosis by implementing an automated screening strategy in emergency departments.HIV medicine · 2022Observational
- Determinants of long-term survival in late HIV presenters: The prospective PISCIS cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Trends of late HIV presentation and advance HIV disease among newly diagnosed HIV cases in Jiangsu, China: A serial cross-sectional study from 2008 to 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLate presentation (LP) at the time of HIV diagnosis is defined as presentation with AIDS whatever the CD4 cell count or with CD4 <350 cells/mm. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of non-infectious comorbidities (NICM) and multimorbidity among HIV-positive individuals with and without a history of LP (HIV + LP and HIV + EP, respectively), and compare them to matched HIV-negative control participants from a community-based cohort. The secondary objective was to provide estimates and determinants of direct cost of medical care in HIV patients.
methodsWe performed a matched cohort study including HIV + LP and HIV + EP among people attending the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic (MHMC) in 2014. HIV-positive participants were matched in a 1:3 ratio with HIV-negative participants from the CINECA ARNO database. Multimorbidity was defined as the concurrent presence of ≥2 NICM. Logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate associated predictors of NICM and multimorbidity.
resultsWe analyzed 452 HIV + LP and 73 HIV + EP participants in comparison to 1575 HIV-negative controls. The mean age was 46 ± 9 years, 27.5% were women. Prevalence of NICM and multimorbidity were fourfold higher in the HIV + LP compared to the general population (p < 0.001), while HIV + EP present an intermediate risk. LP was associated with increased total costs in all age strata, but appear particularly relevant in patients above 50 years of age, after adjusting for age, multimorbidity, and antiretroviral costs.
conclusionsLP with HIV infection is still very frequent in Italy, is associated with higher prevalence of NICM and multimorbidity, and contributes to higher total care costs. Encouraging early testing and access to care is still urgently needed.
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