ArticleMicrobiome2017
Mentholation affects the cigarette microbiota by selecting for bacteria resistant to harsh environmental conditions and selecting against potential bacterial pathogens.
Article in Microbiome, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Impact of Little Cigar Use on the Oral Bacterial Microbiota of Cigarette Smokers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Viable, Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria Recovered from E-Liquids Used with Commercial Electronic Cigarettes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Shaping the future of tobacco through microbial insights: a review of advances and applications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Oral microbiome dysbiosis among cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users compared to non-users.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Conventional tobacco products harbor unique and heterogenous microbiomes.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Variations in Bacterial Communities and Antibiotic Resistance Genes Across Diverse Recycled and Surface Water Irrigation Sources in the Mid-Atlantic and Southwest United States: A CONSERVE Two-Year Field Study.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Bacterial communities of hookah tobacco products are diverse and differ across brands and flavors.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Impacts of Antibiotic Residues in the Environment on Bacterial Resistance and Human Health in Eastern China: An Interdisciplinary Mixed-Methods Study Protocol.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Associations between microbial communities and key chemical constituents in U.S. domestic moist snuff.PloS one · 2022Article
- Geographic and position-based variations in phyllospheric bacterial communities present on flue-cured tobacco.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Coupled DNA-labeling and sequencing approach enables the detection of viable-but-non-culturable Vibrio spp. in irrigation water sources in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.Environmental microbiome · 2021Article
- MicrobiomeExplorer: an R package for the analysis and visualization of microbial communities.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Microbiology of the American Smokeless Tobacco.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Nicotine concentration and mentholation affect bacterial community diversity in SPECTRUM research cigarettes.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Seasonal dynamics in taxonomy and function within bacterial and viral metagenomic assemblages recovered from a freshwater agricultural pond.Environmental microbiome · 2020Article
- Mentholation triggers brand-specific shifts in the bacterial microbiota of commercial cigarette products.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Article
- The Interplay Between Respiratory Microbiota and Innate Immunity in Flavor E-Cigarette Vaping Induced Lung Dysfunction.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- The Bacterial Communities of Little Cigars and Cigarillos Are Dynamic Over Time and Varying Storage Conditions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Little cigars and cigarillos harbor diverse bacterial communities that differ between the tobacco and the wrapper.PloS one · 2019Article
- Interaction between the microbiome and TP53 in human lung cancer.Genome biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is a paucity of data regarding the microbial constituents of tobacco products and their impacts on public health. Moreover, there has been no comparative characterization performed on the bacterial microbiota associated with the addition of menthol, an additive that has been used by tobacco manufacturers for nearly a century. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted bacterial community profiling on tobacco from user- and custom-mentholated/non-mentholated cigarette pairs, as well as a commercially-mentholated product. Total genomic DNA was extracted using a multi-step enzymatic and mechanical lysis protocol followed by PCR amplification of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene from five cigarette products (18 cigarettes per product for a total of 90 samples): Camel Crush, user-mentholated Camel Crush, Camel Kings, custom-mentholated Camel Kings, and Newport Menthols. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform and sequences were processed using the Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) software package.
resultsIn all products, Pseudomonas was the most abundant genera and included Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Pseudomonas putida, regardless of mentholation status. However, further comparative analysis of the five products revealed significant differences in the bacterial compositions across products. Bacterial community richness was higher among non-mentholated products compared to those that were mentholated, particularly those that were custom-mentholated. In addition, mentholation appeared to be correlated with a reduction in potential human bacterial pathogens and an increase in bacterial species resistant to harsh environmental conditions.
conclusionsTaken together, these data provide preliminary evidence that the mentholation of commercially available cigarettes can impact the bacterial community of these products.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.