SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
The Hospital Water Environment as a Reservoir for Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms Causing Hospital-Acquired Infections-A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 159 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 373 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantifying conjugation rates in clinical and environmental matrices: a systematic review to inform risk assessment.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2024Pooled it
- Control of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Review and Reanalysis of Quasi-experimental Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Pooled it
- Smaller Genomes and Shorter Prophage Sequences Differentiate Clinical from Environmental Isolates ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identifying and quantifying ESKAPEE pathogens in and around sinks in high burden hospitals.The Journal of hospital infection · 2026Observational
- Two clusters of carbapenemase-producing bacteria linked to hospital utility room wastewater drains - an outbreak report.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Carbapenemases: epidemiology, detection and management in a changing global landscape.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Containing a PER-1-producingInfection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Identifying and quantifying ESKAPEE pathogens in and around sinks in high burden hospitals.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- A New Challenge of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Carbapenem-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Are hospital environments an underestimated source for Gram-negative infections in critically ill patients? A non-multi-drug-resistantInfection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Clearance of hypermutator XDRASM case reports · 2026Article
- Aerosol-based exposure to opportunistic pathogens originating from hospital sink drains.American journal of infection control · 2026Article
- Between the Sponge and the Tap-Bacterial Communities at Overlooked Hospital Hygiene Hotspots.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Article
- Biofilm removal in hospital sink drains drives unintended surges in antibiotic resistance.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Colonization of the gut byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Nosocomial Mycobacterium lentiflavum colonization and infection cluster at a Japanese tertiary care center: report of an outbreak/pseudo-outbreak investigation.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of chlorine for the control of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in the drainage network of a high-complexity healthcare facility.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Two decades of bacteraemia in Norway: an ecological study of incidence and shifts in microbial epidemiology, 2005-2024.Scientific reports · 2025Article
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2017
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the last 20 years there have been 32 reports of carbapenem-resistant organisms in the hospital water environment, with half of these occurring since 2010. The majority of these reports have described associated clinical outbreaks in the intensive care setting, affecting the critically ill and the immunocompromised. Drains, sinks, and faucets were most frequently colonized, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa the predominant organism. Imipenemase (IMP), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), and Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) were the most common carbapenemases found. Molecular typing was performed in almost all studies, with pulse field gel electrophoresis being most commonly used. Seventy-two percent of studies reported controlling outbreaks, of which just more than one-third eliminated the organism from the water environment. A combination of interventions seems to be most successful, including reinforcement of general infection control measures, alongside chemical disinfection. The most appropriate disinfection method remains unclear, however, and it is likely that replacement of colonized water reservoirs may be required for long-term clearance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.