ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2017
Socioeconomic status, hair cortisol and internalizing symptoms in parents and children.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- The contribution of childhood adversity to cortisol measures of early life stress amongst infants in rural India: Findings from the early life stress sub-study of the SPRING cluster randomised controlled trial (SPRING-ELS).Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019Trial
- Hair cortisol-to-cortisone ratio and dental caries in adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of glucocorticoid imbalance and caries prevalence.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Children: A Longitudinal Analysis Across Childhood.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Hearing and early life adversity: effects of developmental stress on sensory processing.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Cognitive Resilience and Vulnerability to Socioeconomic Disadvantage: Predictors Across Individual, Family, School, and Neighborhood Contexts.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Age-related patterns of resting EEG power in infancy: Associations with prenatal socioeconomic disadvantage.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- The impact of camouflaging autistic traits on psychological and physiological stress: a co-twin control study.Molecular autism · 2025Article
- Associations among prenatal stress, socioeconomic status, and infant epigenetic aging.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Hair cortisol concentration and mental health during childhood and adolescence: evidence that higher cortisol concentration is associated with externalizing problems in a large Brazilian population-based birth cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prosocial reputation and stress among contemporary hunter-gatherers: the Hadza case.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations of Household and Neighborhood Contexts and Hair Cortisol Among Mexican-Origin Adolescents From Low-Income Immigrant Families.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Article
- Influence of early childhood parental hostility and socioeconomic stress on children's internalizing symptom trajectories from childhood to adolescence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Early Childhood in Marginalized Roma Communities: Health Risks and Health Outcomes.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Immigration, Educational Attainment, and Subjective Health in the United States.Journal of mental health & clinical psychology · 2024Article
- Associations between maternal stress and infant resting brain activity among families residing in poverty in the U.S.Biological psychology · 2023Article
- Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms - examining associations with hair endocannabinoid concentrations during pregnancy and lifetime trauma.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Association Between Maternal Cortisol and Infant Amygdala Volume Is Moderated by Socioeconomic Status.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2023Article
- Linking specific biological signatures to different childhood adversities: findings from the HERO project.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Maternal hair cortisol predicts periodic and aperiodic infant frontal EEG activity longitudinally across infancy.Developmental psychobiology · 2023Article
- Child care and family processes: Bi-directional relations between child care quality, home environments, and maternal depression.Child development · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Socioeconomic disadvantage is consistently linked with higher risk for internalizing problems, and stress is likely one important mechanism explaining this increased risk. Few studies have examined socioeconomic differences in hair cortisol, a novel biomarker of long-term adrenocortical activity and chronic stress. Moreover, no studies have examined whether differences in hair cortisol might explain socioeconomic disparities in internalizing problems. To address these gaps, we first examined relations of socioeconomic status (SES; family income and parental education) to variation in both parents' and children's hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) and then tested whether HCC and perceptions of stress mediated relations of SES to parents' and children's internalizing symptoms. Participants were a socioeconomically diverse sample of 35 parents and 26 children (ages 5-7). Parents completed questionnaires, and hair samples were collected from parents and children. Parents reported on children's internalizing symptoms on average 2 years after the initial visit. Results demonstrated that lower parental education was associated with higher HCC for both parents and children. Effects for child HCC held even after controlling for parent HCC. Lower family income was associated with higher parent HCC, but not child HCC. This relation was nonlinear, such that the relation between HCC and income was strongest among the most disadvantaged parents. Furthermore, associations of SES with parental anxiety were significantly mediated by parental perceptions of stress and marginally mediated by parent HCC. These findings suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with greater accumulation of cortisol in hair in parents and children, and that both perceived and biological markers of stress capture important facets of the experiences that underlie socioeconomic disparities in adult anxiety.
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