SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
Impact of Outpatient Neuraminidase Inhibitor Treatment in Patients Infected With Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at High Risk of Hospitalization: An Individual Participant Data Metaanalysis.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia. An Official Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2019Guideline
- Oseltamivir for Treatment of Influenza Among Outpatient Veterans: Target Trial Emulation.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Pimodivir Combined With Standard of Care in Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized High-Risk Adolescents and Adults With Influenza A Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Effect of peramivir on respiratory symptom improvement in patients with influenza virus infection and pre-existing chronic respiratory disease: Findings of a randomized, open-label study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2021Trial
- Development of Antiviral Drugs for Influenza.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in China (2025 edition).Infectious diseases & immunity · 2026Article
- Modeling the Potential Impacts of Outpatient Antiviral Treatment in Reducing Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in the United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Changes in Antiviral Prescribing for Children With Influenza in US Emergency Departments.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Influenza Antivirals: Do We Need More Evidence?Pediatrics · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination and Early Antiviral Treatment in Reducing Pneumonia Risk in Severe Influenza Cases.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Impact of antiviral therapy on short- and long-term outcomes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after influenza infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Influenza antivirals and their role in pandemic preparedness.Antiviral research · 2023Review
- Influenza.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Antiviral Use and Health Care Use Among US Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Influenza in Three Influenza Seasons, 2016-2019.ACR open rheumatology · 2022Article
- Influenza clinical testing and oseltamivir treatment in hospitalized children with acute respiratory illness, 2015-2016.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- A Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Monoclonal Antibody MHAA4549A in Patients With Acute Uncomplicated Influenza A Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Influenza Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Recent Innovations in Antiviral Therapy and Relevance to Primary Care Practice.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2021Review
- Influenza polymerase inhibitor resistance: Assessment of the current state of the art - A report of the isirv Antiviral group.Antiviral research · 2021Review
- Influenza Therapeutics in Clinical Practice-Challenges and Recent Advances.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 14 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile evidence exists to support the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) in reducing mortality when given to hospitalized patients with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection, the impact of outpatient treatment on hospitalization has not been clearly established. We investigated the impact of outpatient NAI treatment on subsequent hospitalization in patients with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection.
methodsWe assembled general community and outpatient data from 9 clinical centers in different countries collected between January 2009 and December 2010. We standardized data from each study center to create a pooled dataset and then used mixed-effects logistic regression modeling to determine the effect of NAI treatment on hospitalization. We adjusted for NAI treatment propensity and preadmission antibiotic use, including "study center" as a random intercept to account for differences in baseline hospitalization rate between centers.
resultsWe included 3376 patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, of whom 3085 (91.4%) had laboratory-confirmed infection. Eight hundred seventy-three patients (25.8%) received outpatient or community-based NAI treatment, 928 of 2395 (38.8%) with available data had dyspnea or respiratory distress, and hospitalizations occurred in 1705 (50.5%). After adjustment for preadmission antibiotics and NAI treatment propensity, preadmission NAI treatment was associated with decreased odds of hospital admission compared to no NAI treatment (adjusted odds ratio, 0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.30).
conclusionsIn a population with confirmed or suspected A(H1N1)pdm09 and at high risk of hospitalization, outpatient or community-based NAI treatment significantly reduced the likelihood of requiring hospital admission. These data suggest that community patients with severe influenza should receive NAI treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.