ArticlePloS one2017
Temperament in infancy and behavioral and emotional problems at age 5.5: The EDEN mother-child cohort.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Early Irritability as a Transdiagnostic Neurodevelopmental Vulnerability to Later Mental Health Problems.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Research Review: A systematic review and meta-analysis of infant and toddler temperament as predictors of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Pooled it
- Prenatal and Intrapartum Factors Associated With Infant Temperament: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Maternal prenatal stress and infant temperament at one year: exploring the mediating role of postpartum depression in the French EDEN cohort.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Content validity of the Chinese version of the PRAP scale: a convergent parallel mixed-methods study.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Converging Evidence of a Specific Vulnerability of Young Boys to Parental Childhood Trauma.JAACAP open · 2025Article
- Associations among rearing environment and the infant gut microbiome with early-life neurodevelopment and cognitive development in a nonhuman primate model (Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2025Article
- Parenting beliefs and psychological distress → stimulation and punishment → young children's behavior: A descriptive study in Colombia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Are Parental Stress and Rewards Influenced by Child Temperament? Analysis of the Moderating Role of Social Support and Gender in Spanish Parents.Psychosocial intervention · 2025Article
- Article
- The relationship between below average cognitive ability at age 5 years and the child's experience of school at age 9.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prenatal iodine intake and infant temperament in a multiethnic US cohort.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Associations between Prepartum and Postpartum Maternal Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Related to COVID-19 Pandemic and Childhood Sensory Avoidance: Results from Conception Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Maternal-prenatal stress and depression predict infant temperament during the COVID-19 pandemic.Development and psychopathology · 2024Article
- Mothers' symptoms of anxiety and depression and the development of child temperament: A genetically informative, longitudinal investigation.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Timing of Violence Exposure and Girls' Temperament Stability From Childhood to Adolescence.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2023Article
- Inhibitory deficits and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: How are they related to effortful control?The British journal of developmental psychology · 2023Article
- Development of the infant gut microbiome predicts temperament across the first year of life.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Maternal depressive symptoms and early childhood temperament before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.Infant and child development · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveEarly temperamental characteristics may influence children's developmental pathways and predict future psychopathology. However, the environmental context may also shape or interact with infant temperament and indirectly contribute to increased vulnerability to adverse developmental outcomes. The aim of the present study is to explore the long-term contribution of temperamental traits at twelve months of age to the presence of emotional and behavioral problems later in childhood, and whether this association varies with the child's sex, parental separation, family socioeconomic status and maternal depression.
method1184 mother-child pairs from the EDEN mother-child birth cohort study based in France (2003-2011), were followed from 24-28 weeks of pregnancy to the child's fifth birthday. Infant temperament at 12 months was assessed with the Emotionality Activity and Sociability (EAS) questionnaire and behavior at 5.5 years was assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
resultsEmotional temperament in infancy predicts children's overall behavioral scores (β = 1.16, p<0.001), emotional difficulties (β = 0.30, p<0.001), conduct problems (β = 0.51, p<0.001) and symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention (β = 0.31, p = 0.01) at 5.5 years. Infants' active temperament predicts later conduct problems (β = 0.30, p = 0.02), while shyness predicts later emotional problems (β = 0.22, p = 0.04). The association between the child's temperament in infancy and later behavior did not vary with children's own or family characteristics.
conclusionAn emotional temperament in infancy is associated with higher levels of emotional and behavioral difficulties at the age of 5.5 years. Children who show high emotionality early on may require early prevention and intervention efforts to divert possible adverse developmental pathways.
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