SynthesisThe journal of spinal cord medicine2018
Genital nerve stimulation increases bladder capacity after SCI: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03472599 (Long Term Genital Nerve Stimulation to Improve Urinary Continence), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Long Term Genital Nerve Stimulation to Improve Urinary Continence
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spinal cord stimulation to manage autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Dorsal Genital Nerve Stimulation as an Adjunctive Therapy to Control Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity After Spinal Cord Injury.Artificial organs · 2025Trial
- Short-Term Dorsal Genital Nerve Stimulation Increases Subjective Arousal in Women With and Without Spinal Cord Injury: A Preliminary Investigation.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2024Trial
- At-home genital nerve stimulation for individuals with SCI and neurogenic detrusor overactivity: A pilot feasibility study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2019Trial
- Neuromodulation for the treatment of sexual dysfunction: an opportunity for the field.Current opinion in biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Automated closed-loop stimulation to inhibit neurogenic bladder overactivity.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine · 2024Article
- Optimization of activity-driven event detection for long-term ambulatory urodynamics.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine · 2024Article
- Acute dorsal genital nerve stimulation increases subjective arousal in women with and without spinal cord injury: a preliminary investigation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Neuroprosthesis for individuals with spinal cord injury.Neurological research · 2023Review
- Targeting bladder function with network-specific epidural stimulation after chronic spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Thoracolumbar epidural stimulation effects on bladder and bowel function in uninjured and chronic transected anesthetized rats.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A roadmap for advancing neurostimulation approaches for bladder and bowel function after spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2020Review
- Ambulatory urodynamic monitoring assessment of dorsal genital nerve stimulation for suppression of involuntary detrusor contractions following spinal cord injury: a pilot study.Spinal cord series and cases · 2020Article
- Neural engineering: the process, applications, and its role in the future of medicine.Journal of neural engineering · 2019Review
- A Urodynamic Comparison of Neural Targets for Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation to Acutely Suppress Detrusor Contractions Following Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Effects of Genital Nerve Stimulation Amplitude on Bladder Capacity in Spinal Cord Injured Subjects.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) often results in decreased bladder capacity, urinary incontinence, and vesico-ureteral reflux. NDO can trigger autonomic dysreflexia and can impair quality of life. Electrical stimulation of the genital nerves (GNS) acutely inhibits reflex bladder contractions and can increase bladder capacity. Quantifying the effect of GNS on bladder capacity and determining what study factors and subject factors influence bladder capacity improvements will inform the design of clinical GNS interventions.
methodsWe measured bladder capacity in 33 individuals with NDO, with and without GNS. These data were combined with data from seven previous GNS studies (n=64 subjects). A meta-analysis of the increase in bladder capacity and potential experimental factors was conducted (n=97 subjects total).
resultsBladder capacity increased 131±101 ml with GNS across subjects in all studies. The number of individuals whose bladder capacity was greater than 300 ml increased from 24% to 62% with GNS. Stimulus amplitude was a significant factor predicting bladder capacity gain. The variance of the bladder capacity gain significantly increased with increasing infusion rate. Other factors did not contribute to bladder capacity gain.
conclusionGNS acutely increases bladder capacity in individuals with NDO. The consistent increase in magnitude of bladder capacities across the eight studies, and the lack of dependence on individual-specific factors, provide confidence that GNS could be an effective tool for many individuals with NDO. Studies of the chronic effect of GNS on bladder control, with clinical measures such as urinary continence, are needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.