ReviewClinical drug investigation2017
Neuropsychiatric Effects of Antimicrobial Agents.
Review in Clinical drug investigation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristics of isoniazid-induced psychosis: a systematic review of case reports and case series.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotic-Induced Manic Episodes: Clinical Recognition, Mechanistic Pathways, and Management.Cureus · 2026Review
- Fluoroquinolone-Associated Peripheral and Central Nervous System-Related Disorders: A Large German Claims-Based Cohort Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Acupuncture as a potential host-directed therapeutic strategy in neuroinfectious diseases: a neuroimmune mechanistic perspective.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The gut-brain axis in pharmacology: microbiome-driven modulation of CNS drugs and neuropsychiatric outcomes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Risk Assessment of Linezolid-Associated Neurological Adverse Drug Reactions Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System Database.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Ciprofloxacin-Induced Encephalopathy.Journal of medical cases · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Fluoroquinolones and Other Antibiotics: A Retrospective Pharmacovigilance Study.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2025Article
- Review
- Psychiatric disorders associated with fluoroquinolones: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity: epidemiology, mechanisms and management strategies - a narrative literature review.Drugs in context · 2024Review
- Cefaclor causes vagus nerve-mediated depression-like symptoms with gut dysbiosis in mice.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Depressive and Other Adverse CNS Effects of Fluoroquinolones.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Safety and Tolerability of Antimicrobial Agents in the Older Patient.Drugs & aging · 2023Review
- Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of N-acetylcysteine in reducing adverse drug reactions among adults treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tanzania.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2023Article
- Antibiotic exposure is associated with decreased risk of psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Antibiotics and mental health: The good, the bad and the ugly.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- A VigiBase Descriptive Study of Fluoroquinolone-Associated Peripheral Nervous System Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs used in clinical practice are selected on the basis of their selective toxicity against bacterial cells. However, all exhibit multiple offsite interactions with eukaryotic cell structures, resulting in adverse reactions during antimicrobial pharmacotherapy. A multitude of these side effects involve the nervous system as antimicrobials at clinically relevant concentrations seem to interact with many of the same molecules usually implicated in the action of psychotropic drugs. The importance of such events cannot be overstated, as the misdiagnosis of an adverse drug reaction as a symptom of a primary psychiatric or neurological disorder entails great suffering for the patient affected as well as significant costs for the healthcare system. The neuropsychiatric effects of antimicrobial drugs are extensively documented in the literature. A number of antimicrobial drugs have the potential to exert CNS effects and many are associated with stimulant, psychotomimetic and epileptogenic properties, mediated by GABA antagonism (beta-lactams, quinolones and clarithromycin), NMDA agonism (D-cycloserine, aminoglycosides, and perhaps quinolones), MAO inhibition (linezolid, metronidazole and isoniazid weakly) as well as more exotic mechanisms, as in the case of trimethoprim, isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin and the tetracyclines. While those effects are generally undesirable, they may also under certain circumstances be beneficial, and further research is warranted in that direction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.