ReviewNeural regeneration research2016
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields stimulation modulates autoimmunity and immune responses: a possible immuno-modulatory therapeutic effect in neurodegenerative diseases.
Review in Neural regeneration research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms of microglia- and astrocyte-driven neurorestoration triggered by application of electromagnetic fields.Croatian medical journal · 2019Pooled it
- Magnetic Reprogramming of Macrophages Stimulates Phagocytosis of Breast Cancer Cells via a TRPC1-STING Inflammatory Axis.Smart medicine · 2026Article
- Frequency-specific electromagnetic modulation of brain redox state precedes cortical activity in stroke recovery.iScience · 2026Article
- Nonthermal radiofrequency radiation promotes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells function by regulating CaStem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Magnetic and electromagnetic methods in reducing microbial contamination in water: A systematic review and meta-analyses.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Examining the effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on cognitive functions and functional brain markers in aged mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Radiofrequency Electromagnetic and Pulsed Magnetic Fields Protected the Kidney Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Systemic Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis by Regulating the IL-6/HIF1α/eNOS and Bcl2/Bax/Cas-9 Pathways.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Neurostimulation devices to treat Alzheimer's disease.Exploration of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Effects of electric fields on the release and content of extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Article
- Review
- The Cellular Response Is Determined by a Combination of Different ELF-EMF Exposure Parameters: A Scope Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Changes in Melatonin Concentration in a Clinical Observation Study under the Influence of Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields (Magnetic Stimulation in Men with Low Back Pain)-Results of Changes in an Eight-Point Circadian Profile.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Observational
- Quantum Molecular Resonance Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome/Nitrosative Stress and Promotes M1 to M2 Macrophage Polarization: Potential Therapeutic Effect in Osteoarthritis Model In Vitro.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exposure to Low Levels of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Emitted from Cell-phones as a Promising Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review Study.Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2023Article
- Open Questions on the Electromagnetic Field Contribution to the Risk of Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Magnetic therapy in acute and subacute non-specific back pain: Results of an open multicenter study.European journal of translational myology · 2022Article
- Radiobiological effects and medical applications of non-ionizing radiation.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- Effect of the Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Radiation on Transcriptomic Profile of Pig Myometrium during the Peri-Implantation Period-An In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Short ELF-EMF Exposure Targets SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in THP-1 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Emerging medical applications based on non-ionizing electromagnetic fields from 0 Hz to 10 THz.Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) stimulation is able to exert a certain action on autoimmunity and immune cells. In the past, the efficacy of pulsed ELF-EMFs in alleviating the symptoms and the progression of multiple sclerosis has been supported through their action on neurotransmission and on the autoimmune mechanisms responsible for demyelination. Regarding the immune system, ELF-EMF exposure contributes to a general activation of macrophages, resulting in changes of autoimmunity and several immunological reactions, such as increased reactive oxygen species-formation, enhanced phagocytic activity and increased production of chemokines. Transcranial electromagnetic brain stimulation is a non-invasive novel technique used recently to treat different neurodegenerative disorders, in particular Alzheimer's disease. Despite its proven value, the mechanisms through which EMF brain-stimulation exerts its beneficial action on neuronal function remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that its beneficial effects may be due to a neuroprotective effect on oxidative cell damage. On the basis of
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.