ReviewHormone research in paediatrics2017
Practical Application of Linear Growth Measurements in Clinical Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
Review in Hormone research in paediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effects of Yogurt Supplementation and Nutritional Education on Malnourished Infants: A Pilot RCT in Dhaka's Slums.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Multiple Micronutrient Powder Reduces Vitamin E Deficiency in Brazilian Children: A Pragmatic, Controlled Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Factors associated with recovery from stunting among under-five children in two Nairobi informal settlements.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Stunting Reversal versus Regression to the Mean in Epidemiological Studies of Child Linear Growth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Prevalence of Childhood Stunting and Its Associated Factors in Bangladesh: Quantile Regression Modeling Approach.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2026Article
- The effect of early childhood stature on later cognitive functions in Indonesian adolescents: comparation using the National growth reference and the WHO growth standard.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- A four-year, mixed-family and community-based growth monitoring and promotion program using multi-level modeling to address undernutrition in children in Cambodia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Effects of commonly used antibiotics on children's developing gut microbiomes and resistomes in peri-urban Lima, Peru.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Postnatal growth in small vulnerable newborns: a longitudinal study of 2 million Brazilians using routine register-based linked data.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Ductal stenting vs. surgical shunting in late presenting duct-dependent pulmonary circulation: a single-center experience.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Design of the performance outcome scoring template (POS-T) with example application on COScientific reports · 2022Article
- Guidance for Systematic Integration of Undernutrition in Attributing Cause of Death in Children.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Observational
- Child development with the D-score: turning milestones into measurement.Gates open research · 2021Review
- Improving assessment of child growth in a pediatric hospital setting.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Article
- Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition (SEEM) in Pakistan: protocols for biopsy based biomarker discovery and validation.BMC pediatrics · 2019Article
- Accuracy and reliability of a low-cost, handheld 3D imaging system for child anthropometry.PloS one · 2018Article
- Metrics of early childhood growth in recent epidemiological research: A scoping review.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsChildhood stunting is a prevalent problem in low- and middle-income countries and is associated with long-term adverse neurodevelopment and health outcomes. In this review, we define indicators of growth, discuss key challenges in their analysis and application, and offer suggestions for indicator selection in clinical research contexts.
methodsCritical review of the literature.
resultsLinear growth is commonly expressed as length-for-age or height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in comparison to normative growth standards. Conditional HAZ corrects for regression to the mean where growth changes relate to previous status. In longitudinal studies, growth can be expressed as ΔHAZ at 2 time points. Multilevel modeling is preferable when more measurements per individual child are available over time. Height velocity z-score reference standards are available for children under the age of 2 years. Adjusting for covariates or confounders (e.g., birth weight, gestational age, sex, parental height, maternal education, socioeconomic status) is recommended in growth analyses.
conclusionThe most suitable indicator(s) for linear growth can be selected based on the number of available measurements per child and the child's age. By following a step-by-step algorithm, growth analyses can be precisely and accurately performed to allow for improved comparability within and between studies.
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