ArticleJournal of clinical psychology2017
Validity and Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and PHQ-9 for Screening and Diagnosis of Depression in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of clinical psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 252 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishing reliability and validity for mental health screening instruments in resource-constrained settings: Systematic review of the PHQ-9 and key recommendations.Psychiatry research · 2020Pooled it
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- The Effect of Predicted Compliance With a Web-Based Intervention for Anxiety and Depression Among Latin American University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2025Trial
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- Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy versus treatment as usual for anxiety and depression among Latin American university students: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2023Trial
- Patient Navigation to Improve Early Access to Supportive Care for Patients with Advanced Cancer in Resource-Limited Settings: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The oncologist · 2021Trial
- Individual-Level Modeling of Depressive Symptom Severity Using Smartphone and Wearable Data: Time-Aware 1-Year Study With Feature-Group Contributions.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Psychological inflexibility and depressive symptoms as key correlates of suicidal risk among university students in a U.S.-Mexico border city.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Eating disorders among college students in China: prevalence, correlates, and its relationship with suicide risk.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
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- Symptoms of antenatal depression and associated factors: a multicenter cross-sectional analysis at primary care clinics in Mexico.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mental Health Screening in Prison: Psychometric Evaluation of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 Among Incarcerated Men in Mexico.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Intersections of sexual orientation, gender identity, and race/ethnicity and odds of reporting depression and anxiety symptomology in the Household Pulse Survey.Journal of mental health (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Trauma-informed practice for children and young people with intellectual disabilities: A scoping review.The British journal of educational psychology · 2026Article
- Prospective associations between Long COVID and mental health: evidence from a population-based study with a nearly three-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Predictors of Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Mental Health and Internalized Stigma.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Article
- Disclosing depressive symptoms: perceived sensitivity of PHQ-9 items in a general population sample.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The relationship between family adaptability and cohesion and adolescent depression: the chain mediation effect of perceived social support and coping styles.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cognitive behavioral treatment for Sexsomnia (CBT-S). Case report and literature review.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDepressive disorders are frequently under diagnosed in resource-limited settings because of lack of access to mental health care or the inability of healthcare providers to recognize them. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and the PHQ-9 have been widely used for screening and diagnosis of depression in primary care settings; however, the validity of their use in rural, Spanish-speaking populations is unknown.
methodWe used a cross-sectional design to assess the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 for depression diagnosis and estimated the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ-2 for depression screening. Data were collected from 223 adults in a rural community of Chiapas, Mexico, using the PHQ-2, the PHQ-9, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF Scale (WHOQOL- BREF).
resultsConfirmatory factor analysis suggested that the 1-factor structure fit reasonably well. The internal consistency of the PHQ-9 was good (Cronbach's alpha > = 0.8) overall and for subgroups defined by gender, literacy, and age. The PHQ-9 demonstrated good predictive validity: Participants with a PHQ-9 diagnosis of depression had lower quality of life scores on the overall WHOQOL-BREF Scale and each of its domains. Using the PHQ-9 results as a gold standard, the optimal PHQ-2 cutoff score for screening of depression was 3 (sensitivity 80.00%, specificity 86.88%, area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [0.84, 0.94]).
conclusionThe PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 demonstrated good psychometric properties, suggesting their potential benefit as tools for depression screening and diagnosis in rural, Spanish-speaking populations.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.