Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28194793›Full record

ArticleJournal of the experimental analysis of behavior2017

Resurgence and alternative-reinforcer magnitude.

Andrew R Craig, Kaitlyn O Browning, Rusty W Nall, Ciara M Marshall, Timothy A Shahan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Human-operant evaluation of synthesized alternative reinforcement and resurgence.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Effects of Quality of Reinforcement on the Resurgence of Responding.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. The extinction burst: Effects of alternative reinforcement magnitude.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Resurgence and Behavioral Contrast, Compared and Contrasted.Perspectives on behavior science · 2024
    Article
  8. Resurgence Following Higher or Lower Quality Alternative Reinforcement.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024
    Article
  9. Examining resurgence in rats following expanded-operant treatments.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Validating Human-Operant Software: A Case Example.Behavior analysis (Washington, D.C.) · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Phase duration and resurgence.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. An investigation of resurgence of reinforced behavioral variability in humans.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Andrew R CraigUtah State University.
Kaitlyn O BrowningUtah State University.
Rusty W NallUtah State University.
Ciara M MarshallUtah State University.
Timothy A ShahanUtah State University.

Funding

Theory of Resurgence of Cocaine SeekingR21DA037725 · NIDA · UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SHAHAN, TIMOTHY A · 2014 to 2015
$344k
NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA037725
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Resurgence is defined as an increase in the frequency of a previously reinforced target response when an alternative source of reinforcement is suspended. Despite an extensive body of research examining factors that affect resurgence, the effects of alternative-reinforcer magnitude have not been examined. Thus, the present experiments aimed to fill this gap in the literature. In Experiment 1, rats pressed levers for single-pellet reinforcers during Phase 1. In Phase 2, target-lever pressing was extinguished, and alternative-lever pressing produced either five-pellet, one-pellet, or no alternative reinforcement. In Phase 3, alternative reinforcement was suspended to test for resurgence. Five-pellet alternative reinforcement produced faster elimination and greater resurgence of target-lever pressing than one-pellet alternative reinforcement. In Experiment 2, effects of decreasing alternative-reinforcer magnitude on resurgence were examined. Rats pressed levers and pulled chains for six-pellet reinforcers during Phases 1 and 2, respectively. In Phase 3, alternative reinforcement was decreased to three pellets for one group, one pellet for a second group, and suspended altogether for a third group. Shifting from six-pellet to one-pellet alternative reinforcement produced as much resurgence as suspending alternative reinforcement altogether, while shifting from six pellets to three pellets did not produce resurgence. These results suggest that alternative-reinforcer magnitude has effects on elimination and resurgence of target behavior that are similar to those of alternative-reinforcer rate. Thus, both suppression of target behavior during alternative reinforcement and resurgence when conditions of alternative reinforcement are altered may be related to variables that affect the value of the alternative-reinforcement source.

Indexed as

Extinction, PsychologicalReinforcement, PsychologyAnimalsConditioning, OperantMaleRatsRats, Long-EvansReinforcement Scheduleextinctionoperant behaviorreinforcer magnituderelapseresurgence

Identifiers

PMID28194793
PMCPMC5565204

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.