ArticleVision research2017
The influence of age on adaptation of disparity vergence and phoria.
Article in Vision research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies and age-related changes in binocular vision among middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-Mechanism Adult Population Study: Phoria Adaptation Results.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Trial
- Do Two Eyes Identify Better than One? Interpretable Binocular Dynamics for Virtual Reality Gaze Biometrics.Journal of eye movement research · 2026Article
- Age-related changes in the orbital pulley array of older Japanese adults with acquired exotropia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Quantification of Gaze-Dependent Corrective Errors With Fresnel Prisms: Implications for Strabismus Management.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Botulinum toxin for acute acquired comitant esotropia: clinical outcomes and predictors.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Quantitative Assessment of Fixational Disparity Using a Binocular Eye-Tracking Technique in Children with Strabismus.Journal of eye movement research · 2025Article
- Eye Tracking in Optometry: A Systematic Review.Journal of eye movement research · 2023Article
- Functional acute acquired comitant esotropia: clinical characteristics and efficacy of single Botulinum toxin type A injection.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Observational
- Test-Retest Reliability of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation for a Vergence Eye Movement Task.Neuroscience bulletin · 2020Article
- Reliability of Frontal Eye Fields Activation and Very Low-Frequency Oscillations Observed during Vergence Eye Movements: an fNIRS Study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Vergence Endurance Test: A Pilot Study for a Concussion Biomarker.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Article
- Comparison of symmetrical prism adaptation to asymmetrical prism adaptation in those with normal binocular vision.Vision research · 2018Article
- Effects of visual distractors on vergence eye movements.Journal of vision · 2018Article
- Adaptation to Progressive Additive Lenses: Potential Factors to Consider.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A paucity of research exists to investigate whether the normal aging process influences the ability to adapt disparity vergence and phoria. Vergence eye movements and dissociated phoria were recorded from 49 healthy subjects (ages 20-70years) using an objective eye movement tracking system. Four-degree vergence responses were modified using a double-step protocol. Dynamics of vergence were quantified via peak velocity. The phoria adaptation experiment measured the magnitude (net change in phoria level) and rate (magnitude divided by the time constant) of phoria adaption during 5min of sustained fixation on a binocular target (40cm/8.44° from midline). The magnitude of phoria adaptation decreased as a function of age (r=-0.33; p=0.04). The ability to adapt vergence peak velocity and the rate of phoria adaptation showed no significant age-related influence (p>0.05). The data suggest that the ability to modify the disparity vergence system and the rate of phoria adaptation are not dependent on age; whereas, the magnitude of phoria adaptation decreases as part of the normal adult aging process. These results have clinical and basic science implications because one should consider age when assessing the changes in the magnitude of phoria adaptation which can be abnormal in those with oculomotor dysfunctions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.