Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28190732›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2017

The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell.

Mark M Slabodnick, J Graham Ruby, Sarah B Reiff, Estienne C Swart, Sager Gosai, Sudhakaran Prabakaran, Ewa Witkowska, Graham E Larue, Susan Fisher, Robert M Freeman and 9 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Genome-wide analysis of mRNA regionalization in a giant single cell.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. The cell biology and genome ofMolecular biology of the cell · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
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  10. Article
  11. HParasitology research · 2024
    Review
  12. Extraordinary model systems for regeneration.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024
    Article
  13. Genome-wide analysis of anterior-posterior mRNA regionalization inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  14. Nuclear dualism without extensive DNA elimination in the ciliateProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Mark M SlabodnickDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
J Graham RubyDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Sarah B ReiffDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Estienne C SwartInstitute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Sager GosaiDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Sudhakaran PrabakaranDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Ewa WitkowskaDepartment of Ob/Gyn, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Graham E LarueDepartment of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.
Susan FisherDepartment of Ob/Gyn, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Robert M FreemanDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Jeremy GunawardenaDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
William ChuDepartment of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625, USA.
Naomi A StoverDepartment of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625, USA.
Brian D GregoryDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Mariusz NowackiInstitute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Joseph DerisiDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Scott W RoyDepartment of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA. Electronic address: scottwroy@gmail.com.
Wallace F MarshallDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: wallace.marshall@ucsf.edu.
Pranidhi SoodDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: psood1@gmail.com.
University of California, San Francisco · USBradley University · USHarvard University · USSan Francisco State University · USUniversity of Bern · CHUniversity of Pennsylvania · USCenter for Systems Biology · US

Funding

Pattern formation & regeneration in a single cellR01GM090305 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MARSHALL, WALLACE · 2009 to 2013
$1.8M
Pattern formation and regeneration in a single cellR01GM113602 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MARSHALL, WALLACE · 2015 to 2018
$1.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM090305NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM113602
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The giant, single-celled organism Stentor coeruleus has a long history as a model system for studying pattern formation and regeneration in single cells. Stentor [1, 2] is a heterotrichous ciliate distantly related to familiar ciliate models, such as Tetrahymena or Paramecium. The primary distinguishing feature of Stentor is its incredible size: a single cell is 1 mm long. Early developmental biologists, including T.H. Morgan [3], were attracted to the system because of its regenerative abilities-if large portions of a cell are surgically removed, the remnant reorganizes into a normal-looking but smaller cell with correct proportionality [2, 3]. These biologists were also drawn to Stentor because it exhibits a rich repertoire of behaviors, including light avoidance, mechanosensitive contraction, food selection, and even the ability to habituate to touch, a simple form of learning usually seen in higher organisms [4]. While early microsurgical approaches demonstrated a startling array of regenerative and morphogenetic processes in this single-celled organism, Stentor was never developed as a molecular model system. We report the sequencing of the Stentor coeruleus macronuclear genome and reveal key features of the genome. First, we find that Stentor uses the standard genetic code, suggesting that ciliate-specific genetic codes arose after Stentor branched from other ciliates. We also discover that ploidy correlates with Stentor's cell size. Finally, in the Stentor genome, we discover the smallest spliceosomal introns reported for any species. The sequenced genome opens the door to molecular analysis of single-cell regeneration in Stentor.

Indexed as

Genome, ProtozoanCiliophoraIntronsPhylogenySpliceosomesWhole Genome Sequencingcell sizeciliategenetic codeheterotrichidaeintron evolutionmacronucleusploidyregenerationsplicingU2 snRNA

Identifiers

PMID28190732
PMCPMC5659724
OpenAlexW2587530849

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.