ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2017
Synthesis and Characterization of an Aspirin-fumarate Prodrug that Inhibits NFκB Activity and Breast Cancer Stem Cells.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fumarate and Its Esters: Physiology, Pathology, Molecular Mechanisms, Diseases, and Therapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Signaling pathways governing the maintenance of breast cancer stem cells and their therapeutic implications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Identification of a potent Nrf2 displacement activator among aspirin-containing prodrugs.Neurochemistry international · 2021Article
- Aspirin Actions in Treatment of NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Self-Renewal Signalling Pathway Inhibitors: Perspectives on Therapeutic Approaches for Cancer Stem Cells.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- A miR-206 regulated gene landscape enhances mammary epithelial differentiation.Journal of cellular physiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation is a cancer hallmark that underlies cancer incidence and promotion, and eventually progression to metastasis. Therefore, adding an anti-inflammatory drug to standard cancer regiments may improve patient outcome. One such drug, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA), has been explored for cancer chemoprevention and anti-tumor activity. Besides inhibiting the cyclooxygenase 2-prostaglandin axis, ASA's anti-cancer activities have also been attributed to nuclear factor ĸB (NFĸB) inhibition. Because prolonged ASA use may cause gastrointestinal toxicity, a prodrug strategy has been implemented successfully. In this prodrug design the carboxylic acid of ASA is masked and additional pharmacophores are incorporated. This protocol describes how we synthesized an aspirin-fumarate prodrug, GTCpFE, and characterized its inhibition of the NFĸB pathway in breast cancer cells and attenuation of the cancer stem-like properties, an important NFĸB-dependent phenotype. GTCpFE effectively inhibits the NFĸB pathway in breast cancer cell lines whereas ASA lacks any inhibitory activity, indicating that adding fumarate to ASA structure significantly contributes to its activity. In addition, GTCpFE shows significant anti-cancer stem cell activity by blocking mammosphere formation and attenuating the cancer stem cell associated CD44
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