SynthesisAnnals of nutrition & metabolism2017
Systematic Review on N-3 and N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake in European Countries in Light of the Current Recommendations - Focus on Specific Population Groups.
Synthesis in Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognitive function in individuals without dementia: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Nutrient Intake and Status in Children and Adolescents Consuming Plant-Based Diets Compared to Meat-Eaters: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- The Potential Cardiometabolic Effects of Long-Chain ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Recent Updates and Controversies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Unsaturated Fatty Acid Intake During Periconception and Incidence of Achieving Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Brain Health across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review on the Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- A low-fat spread with added plant sterols and fish omega-3 fatty acids lowers serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in individuals with modest hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia.European journal of nutrition · 2019Trial
- In Vitro Evidence of α-Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester Hydrolysis and Transesterification in the Gastrointestinal Tract in the Presence of Acylglycerols.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Method-Dependent Variability in Hempseed Lipidomics: Combined Influence of Extraction, Derivatisation, and Genotype on Fatty Acid Composition and Stability.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effect of theFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Alpha-linolenic acid-mediated epigenetic reprogramming of cervical cancer cell lines.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Advances in Oral Drug Delivery Systems for Natural Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Enhancing Bioavailability and Therapeutic Potential.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Odor of Fatty Acids: Differences in Threshold and Perception Intensity Between Sexes.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Arachidonic acid as a potentially critical nutrient for vegetarians and vegans - position paper of the Research Institute for Plant-based Nutrition (IFPE).Lipids in health and disease · 2025Review
- International expert consensus on micronutrient supplement use during the early life course.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Impact ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Knowledge and Consumption Patterns of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Among the Central Balkan Population-A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Regulatory Compliance of Health Claims on Omega-3 Fatty Acid Food Supplements.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Human Health: A Key to Modern Nutritional Balance in Association with Polyphenolic Compounds from Food Sources.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Dietary N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Brain Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarlier reviews indicated that in many countries adults, children and adolescents consume on an average less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organisation/World Health Organisation. SUMMARY: The intake of total and individual n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in European infants, children, adolescents, elderly and pregnant/lactating women was evaluated systematically.
resultsThe evaluations were done against recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority. Key Messages: Fifty-three studies from 17 different European countries reported an intake of total n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and/or individual n-3 or n-6 PUFAs in at least one of the specific population groups: 10 in pregnant women, 4 in lactating women, 3 in infants 6-12 months, 6 in children 1-3 years, 11 in children 4-9 years, 8 in adolescents 10-18 years and 11 in elderly >65 years. Mean linoleic acid intake was within the recommendation (4 energy percentage [E%]) in 52% of the countries, with inadequate intakes more likely in lactating women, adolescents and elderly. Mean α-linolenic acid intake was within the recommendation (0.5 E%) in 77% of the countries. In 26% of the countries, mean eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid intake was as recommended. These results indicate that intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs may be suboptimal in specific population groups in Europe.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.