Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28190004›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2018

Identification of flavour additives in tobacco products to develop a flavour library.

Erna Jz Krüsemann, Wouter F Visser, Johannes Wjm Cremers, Jeroen LA Pennings, Reinskje Talhout

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Review
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  10. Dissonance in Young Adult Cigarillo Users' Categorization of Concept Flavored and Unflavored Products.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. The Flavor Train: The Nature and Extent of Flavored Cigarettes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
  13. 9. Flavours in novel and emerging nicotine and tobacco products.World Health Organization technical report series · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Erna Jz KrüsemannNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Wouter F VisserNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Johannes Wjm CremersNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Jeroen LA PenningsNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Reinskje TalhoutNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study combines chemical analysis and flavour descriptions of flavour additives used in tobacco products, and provides a starting point to build an extensive library of flavour components, useful for product surveillance.

methodsHeadspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to compare 22 commercially available tobacco products (cigarettes and roll-your-own) expected to have a characterising flavour and 6 commercially available products not expected to have a characterising flavour with 5 reference products (natural tobacco leaves and research cigarettes containing no flavour additives). The flavour components naturally present in the reference products were excluded from components present in commercially available products containing flavour additives. A description of the remaining flavour additives was used for categorisation.

resultsGC-MS measurements of the 33 tobacco products resulted in an overview of 186 chemical compounds. Of these, 144 were solely present in commercially available products. These 144 flavour additives were described using 62 different flavour descriptors extracted from flavour databases, which were categorised into eight groups largely based on the definition of characterising flavours from the European Tobacco Product Directive: fruit, spice, herb, alcohol, menthol, sweet, floral and miscellaneous.

conclusionsWe developed a method to identify and describe flavour additives in tobacco products. Flavour additives consist of single flavour compounds or mixtures of multiple flavour compounds, and different combinations of flavour compounds can cause a certain flavour. A flavour library helps to detect flavour additives that are characteristic for a certain flavour, and thus can be useful for regulation of flavours in tobacco and related products.

Indexed as

Flavoring AgentsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryTobacco ProductsFlavoring AgentsAddictionAdvertising and PromotionPreventionPublic policyTobacco industry

Identifiers

PMID28190004
PMCPMC5801651
OpenAlexW2586560270

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.