ArticleInflammation2017
Simvastatin Inhibits IL-1β-Induced Apoptosis and Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Suppressing the NF-kB and MAPK Pathways in Nucleus Pulposus Cells.
Article in Inflammation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of GBD 2021 and multiple omics to reveal the association and potential mechanism between glycated hemoglobin and intervertebral disc degeneration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Advances in the study of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Article
- Advances in Research on Autophagy in Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Dual Regulation of Its Beneficial and Detrimental Effects.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- ITGBL1 and RPN1 Mark a Fibrotic NP Subpopulation with Coupled Integrin Signaling and N-Glycosylation Programs in IVDD.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Review
- Anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on polarized macrophages and its dependence on the mevalonate pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The protective effect and experimental research progress of pleotropic statins in intervertebral disc degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Current Therapeutic Strategies of Intervertebral Disc Regenerative Medicine.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Review
- Immunomodulation by the combination of statin and matrix-bound nanovesicle enhances optic nerve regeneration.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2024Article
- Osteoarthritis: Insights into Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Therapeutic Avenues, and the Potential of Natural Extracts.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Myricetin Protects Against Rat Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Partly Through the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.Biochemical genetics · 2024Article
- Stress-Activated Protein Kinases in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Unraveling the Impact of JNK and p38 MAPK.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Regulation of Hepatocellular Cholesterol Metabolism By Lactobacillus Paracasei BY2 and Its Embedding Delivery.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- The JNK signaling pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Insights into the underlying pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of endoplasmic reticulum stress in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases.Military Medical Research · 2023Review
- Simvastatin Attenuates Areca Nut Extract-Induced Subdermal Fibrosis in Mice by Targeting TGF-β Signaling Pathways.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Effect of Tuina along "bladder meridian" alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a rabbit model.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Statins are widely used hypocholesterolemic drugs that block the mevalonate pathway. Some studies have shown that statins may have the potential to inhibit intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration (IDD). Interleukin (IL)-1β, a catabolic cytokine, is a key regulator of IDD. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of simvastatin on IDD. The viability of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells was determined by the methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The apoptosis of NP cells was measured by flow cytometric analysis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and western blotting of relevant apoptotic proteins. The protein levels of catabolic factors and anabolic factors were determined by western blotting. The cells were stimulated with IL-1β in the absence or presence of simvastatin to investigate the effects on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, ADAMTS-5, type II collagen, and aggrecan expression. Our findings indicate that simvastatin considerably inhibited IL-1β-induced apoptosis in NP cells. We also found that simvastatin attenuated IL-1β-induced expression and MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5 activities and also reduced the decrease in type II collagen and aggrecan expression. In addition, simvastatin considerably suppressed the nuclear translocation and activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB) by inhibiting p65 phosphorylation and translocation and blocking inhibitor kB-α degradation. It also inhibited MAPK pathway activation by blocking c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and ERK phosphorylation. The results of our study revealed that simvastatin is a potential agent for IDD prevention and treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.