Observational studyJournal of epidemiology and global health2017
Incidence and economic burden of acute otitis media in children aged up to 5years in three Middle Eastern countries and Pakistan: A multinational, retrospective, observational study.
Observational study in Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disease-Related Costs Published in The Middle East and North Africa Region: Systematic Review and Analysis of Transferability.PharmacoEconomics · 2022Pooled it
- Situational analysis of health systems for ear and hearing care in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region: A systematic review and evidence synthesis to inform national policies and strategies.SSM - health systems · 2026Article
- Global, regional and national burdens of otitis media in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021 and its predictions to 2040.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Identification of rare missense variants in the BSN gene co-segregating with chronic otitis media in a consanguineous Pakistani family.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2024Article
- Economic Burden of Otitis Media Globally and an Overview of the Current Scenario to Alleviate the Disease Burden: A Systematic Review.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Review
- Methods used to account for caregivers' sex and gender within studies examining the financial burden of caregivers of children and adolescents : Results from a scoping review.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2024Article
- Regional and National Trends in Consumption of Antimicrobials in Pakistan; Pre and Post-COVID (2019-2021).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Frequency of otitis media with effusion among children aged 1-5 years presenting to immunization center of tertiary care hospitals, Rawalpindi.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2022Article
- Trends and health burden of hospitalized acute respiratory infections and impact of Haemophilus influenza immunization in a Tunisian university hospital: a twelve-year study.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2020Observational
- Correlation between recovery time of extended high-frequency audiometry and duration of inflammation in patients with acute otitis media.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2020Article
- A Moraxella catarrhalis vaccine to protect against otitis media and exacerbations of COPD: An update on current progress and challenges.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Review
- Otitis Media in Fully Vaccinated Preschool Children in the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era.Global pediatric health · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epidemiological data on acute otitis media (AOM), an infectious disease frequently affecting children, are lacking in some countries. This study was undertaken to assess the incidence of AOM in children ≤5years in Saudi Arabia, Oman, Pakistan, and Turkey, as well as the economic burden from a parent/caregiver perspective. Medical records of 4043 children (Saudi Arabia=1023, Oman=998, Pakistan=1022, Turkey=1000) were retrospectively reviewed and the incidence of AOM episodes calculated from suspected and confirmed cases. Using a standardized Health Economics Questionnaire, parents recorded resource use and expenses incurred per AOM episode [in local currency and converted to US dollars (USD)]. The overall incidence of AOM episodes per 1000 person-years was: Saudi Arabia, 207 [95% confidence interval (CI): 178-238]; Oman, 105 (95% CI: 85-127); Pakistan, 138 (95% CI: 116-163); and Turkey, 99 (95% CI: 79-123). The mean total out-of-pocket healthcare expense incurred by parents/caregivers per episode was: Saudi Arabia USD67.1 [standard deviation (SD)=93.0], Oman USD16.1 (SD=16.4), Pakistan USD22.1 (SD=20.5), and Turkey USD33.6 (SD=44.9). The incidence of AOM episodes varied across all four countries, probably due to different diagnostic and management practices. Nevertheless, our results confirm that AOM causes a substantial burden to public health, reinforcing the need for cost-effective prevention strategies.
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Registered trials
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