ArticleEye & contact lens2018
The Association of Dry Eye Symptom Severity and Comorbid Insomnia in US Veterans.
Article in Eye & contact lens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between sleep quality and dry eye disease: a literature review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Smartphone Addiction and Dry Eye Disease in Children: Exploring the Mediating Role of Sleep Disturbance.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Central Nervous System Mechanisms and Treatment Response in Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Observational Phenotyping Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Observational
- A comprehensive analysis of dry eye disease clinical trials (2000-2024): research trends and gaps.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Sleep Disturbances and Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs, Systemic Conditions, and Inflammatory Markers in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management Study.Cornea open · 2024Article
- Associations between dry eye disease and sleep quality: a cross-sectional analysis.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Factors affecting the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of ocular surface pain.Expert review of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Disorders: The Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.Nature and science of sleep · 2022Review
- Anxiety and depression in dry eye patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mental state investigation and influencing factor analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Long-Term Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Ocular Pain.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2021Article
- The Association Between Dry Eye Disease With Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Disturbance During COVID-19.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Ocular Surface Pain: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2020Review
- Association of Systemic Comorbidities with Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Do Sleep Disorders Positively Correlate with Dry Eye Syndrome? Results of National Claim Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Air Pollutants are associated with Dry Eye Disease in Urban Ophthalmic Outpatients: a Prevalence Study in China.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Gray Matter Volume Changes in Patients With Acute Eye Pain: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2019Article
- Ocular Surface Changes in Prostaglandin Analogue-Treated Patients.Journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
- Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Ocular Pain and Photophobia.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2018Article
- Neuropathic pain and dry eye.The ocular surface · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the association between dry eye (DE) and insomnia symptom severity.
methodsCross-sectional study of 187 individuals seen in the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic. An evaluation was performed consisting of questionnaires regarding insomnia (insomnia severity index [ISI]) and DE symptoms, including ocular pain, followed by a comprehensive ocular surface examination. Using a two-step cluster analysis based on intensity ratings of ocular pain, the patient population was divided into two groups (high and low ocular pain groups: HOP and LOP). A control group was ascertained at the same time from the same clinic as defined by no symptoms of DE (Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 [DEQ5], <6). The main outcome measure was the frequency of moderate or greater insomnia in the DE groups.
resultsThe mean age of the study sample was 63 years, and 93% were male. All insomnia complaints were rated higher in the HOP group compared with the LOP and control groups (P<0.0005). Most (61%) individuals in the HOP group experienced insomnia of at least moderate severity (ISI≥15) compared with the LOP (41%) and control groups (18%) (P<0.0005). Black race (odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-6.0; P=0.02), depression severity (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3; P<0.0005), and DE symptom severity (DEQ5; OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.01-1.2; P=0.03) were significantly associated with clinical insomnia (ISI≥15) after controlling for potential confounders.
conclusionsAfter adjusting for demographics and medical comorbidities, we show that DE symptom severity is positively associated with insomnia severity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.